四川拉拉铜矿尾矿中的铜钴金等有价元素资源及其综合利用

祝波; 蒋晓丽; 毛益林; 罗丽萍

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.05.024

四川拉拉铜矿尾矿中的铜钴金等有价元素资源及其综合利用

1.
四川省地矿局一〇九地质队，四川　成都　610081

2.
中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所，四川　成都　610041

详细信息

作者简介: 祝波（1978-），男，高级工程师，从事分析测试

通讯作者: 蒋晓丽（1997-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为矿床地球化学

中图分类号: TD955

收稿日期: 2022-07-05

刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Valuable Element Resources and Comprehensive Utilization in the Tailings of Lala Copper Mine, Sichuan Province

1.
109 Geological Team, Sichuan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

2.
Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Jiang Xiaoli, 2841679123@qq.com

Received Date: 05 July 2022

Publish Date: 25 October 2023

摘要

摘要:
这是一篇矿业工程领域的文章。拉拉铜矿是四川著名的铜铁多金属矿床，在矿山生产几十年后产生了大量的工业固体废弃物，其中铜、钴、金等几种有用组分元素在尾矿中含量仍然偏高，具有巨大的回收潜力。拉拉铜矿的尾矿未经过系统的选矿回收实验。研究通过对拉拉铜矿尾矿样品的研究，在工艺矿物学的基础上，采用“铜硫混合浮选—铜硫分离—尾矿选铁”的工艺流程对其进行回收，获得Cu品位13.38%、回收率21.19%的铜次精矿；Co品位0.32%、回收率17.20%的硫钴精矿；以及TFe品位60.99%的铁精矿。并对其有价元素回收后的尾矿进行云母和硅酸盐等矿物的回收，获得较优质量的云母精矿产品，可获得K₂O品位8.67%，回收率35.26%的云母精矿。将云母回收后的尾矿进行硅肥的制备，获得硅肥产品有效硅含量38.75%，可消耗硅肥原料43.59%。
- 矿业工程 /
- 尾矿 /
- 综合利用 /
- 拉拉铜矿
Abstract:
This is an essay in the field of mining engineering. Lala Copper Mine is a famous copper-iron polymetallic deposit in Sichuan province. In the past several decades of mine production, a large number of industrial solid wastes have been produced, among which several useful elements such as copper, cobalt and gold are still relatively high in tailings, which has great recovery potential. The tailings of Lala Copper Mine have not gone through systematic beneficiation recovery experiment. Based on the study of Lala copper mine tailings samples, on the basis of process mineralogy study, the process of "copper-sulfur mixed flotation-copper-sulfur separation-iron separation from tailings" was used to recover it, and a copper secondary concentrate with Cu grade of 13.38% and recovery of 21.19% was obtained. Sulfur cobalt concentrate with Co grade of 0.32% and recovery of 17.20%; And iron concentrate with TFe grade of 60.99%. After the recovery of valuable elements, mica and silicate minerals were recovered from the tailings to obtain mica concentrate of better quality, and a mica concentrate with K₂O grade of 8.67% and recovery of 35.26% was obtained. The tailings recovered from mica were used to prepare silicon fertilizer, the available silicon content of silicon fertilizer product was 38.75%, and the silicon fertilizer raw material could be consumed 43.59%.
- Mining engineering /
- Tailings /
- Comprehensive utilizations /
- Lala copper mine

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图 1 拉拉铜矿尾矿有价元素回收工艺流程

Figure 1.

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图 2 云母矿物整体回收利用流程

Figure 2.

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表 1 拉拉铜矿尾矿多元素分析结果/%

Table 1. Results of multi-element analyses of Lala copper mine tailings

Cu	S	Pb	Zn	Ni	As	Hg*	TREO	F	Al₂O₃
0.039	0.29	0.011	0.0054	0.0024	0.00119	0.040	0.11	0.58	13.34

SiO₂	Na₂O	K₂O	V	CaO	MgO	TFe	Ag*	Au*	P₂O₅
52.03	2.99	3.21	0.018	5.76	2.21	7.66	7.11	0.16	0.69

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表 2 拉拉铜矿尾矿样品粒级筛析结果

Table 2. Particle size of tailing samples from the Lala copper mine

粒级/mm	产率/%	品位/%				分布率/%
粒级/mm	产率/%	Cu	Co	K₂O	S	Cu	Co	K₂O	S
+0.3	1.15	0.154	0.0056	3.15	0.22	4.41	1.07	1.17	1.37
-0.3+0.15	14.29	0.066	0.0043	3.75	0.12	23.56	10.21	17.45	9.33
-0.15+0.074	39.74	0.031	0.0046	3.20	0.12	30.78	30.40	41.42	25.96
-0.074+0.045	27.13	0.026	0.0069	2.79	0.24	17.82	31.47	24.92	35.83
-0.045+0.038	0.38	0.050	0.0085	1.97	0.31	0.48	0.54	0.24	0.64
-0.038	17.01	0.054	0.0093	2.67	0.29	22.96	26.32	14.80	26.86
合计	100.00	0.040	0.0060	3.07	0.18	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
*单位为g/t。

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表 3 拉拉铜矿尾矿矿物含量

Table 3. Mineral content of the Lala copper mine tailings

矿物大类	矿物亚类	矿物名称	含量/%
金属矿物	金属硫化物	黄铜矿和斑铜矿	0.12	0.65
		辉钼矿	0.01
		黄铁矿	0.50
		闪锌矿	0.01
		方铅矿	0.01
	金属氧化物	磁铁矿、赤铁矿、褐铁矿	5.10	5.26
		锡石	0.01
		金红石和锐钛矿	0.15
非金属矿物	硅酸盐矿物	长石（钠长石为主）	25.80	86.64
		云母（黑云母为主）	14.75
		石英	30.49
		粘土矿物（高岭石为主）	15.60
	其他含氧盐	方解石和白云石	5.40	6.45
		磷灰石	1.00
		重晶石	0.05
微量矿物		透闪石、滑石、普通角闪石、石榴石、榍石、铅钒、重晶石、独居石、萤石、毒砂、绿泥石	1.00	1.00

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表 4 拉拉铜矿选厂尾矿有价元素利用实验结果

Table 4. Results of utilization of valuable elements in tailings from the Lala copper mine

产品名称	产率/%	品位/%			回收率/%
产品名称	产率/%	Cu	Co	TFe	Cu	Co	TFe
铜精矿	0.062	13.38	0.081	—	21.19	0.98	—
硫钴精矿	0.278	0.43	0.32	—	3.03	17.20	—
铁精矿	0.85	—	—	60.99	—	—	7.12
尾矿	98.81	0.030	0.0043	—	75.78	81.82	—
原矿	100.00	0.039	0.0052	7.62	100.00	100.00	—

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表 5 拉拉铜矿尾矿精矿产品多项分析结果

Table 5. Results of multiple analysis of tailings and concentrate products from Lala copper mine

元素		Cu	Co	S	Ag*	Pb*	Zn*	TFe
含量/%	铜精矿	13.93	0.0881`	24.74	28.0	207	189	—
	硫钴精矿	1.64	0.348	40.81	10.5	62.5	44.5	—
	铁精矿	0.031	0.00823	0.18	—	11.1	124	58.14

元素		P	Bi*	Sb*	As*	F	MgO	SiO₂
含量/%	铜精矿	—	3.12	3.35	175	—	4.26	—
	硫钴精矿	0.62	—	—	651	0.0864	—	—
	铁精矿	0.13	—	—	3.21	—	—	9.33
*单位为g/t。

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表 6 云母矿物整体回收利用结果

Table 6. Results of overall recycling process of mica mineral

产品名称	产率/%	K₂O品位/%	K₂O回收率/%
云母精矿	13.05	8.67	35.26
中矿	9.11	3.83	10.87
尾矿2	27.72	2.55	22.01
尾矿1	50.12	2.14	31.86
有价元素回收尾矿	100.00	3.37	100.00

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