湖北某磷矿选矿实验研究

王建国; 周丽君; 李宏建

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2023.05.027

湖北某磷矿选矿实验研究

中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司，江西　南昌　330000

详细信息

作者简介: 王建国（1982-），男，高级工程师，主要从事选矿工艺及药剂研究

中图分类号: TD97

收稿日期: 2022-12-31

刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Research on Beneficiation of a Phosphate Ore in Hubei Province

China Nerin Engineering Co., Ltd, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

Received Date: 31 December 2022

Publish Date: 25 October 2023

摘要

摘要:
这是一篇矿物加工工程领域的论文。湖北某磷矿中的MgO和倍伴氧化物含量过高，对后续湿法磷酸工艺危害较大。针对该矿石特性，实验开发了“擦洗分级—光电选矿—正反浮选”联合工艺流程，常温条件下，闭路实验可以获得综合精矿P₂O₅品位33.52%、MgO含量0.82%、倍半氧化物(Fe₂O₃+Al₂O₃)含量2.84%、P₂O₅回收率95.69%的良好指标。同时擦洗分级和光电选矿能预先获得产率为72.88%的合格精矿，能够大幅度地减少进入磨浮作业的矿石量和细粒尾矿产生量，经济环境效益显著。
- 矿物加工工程 /
- 磷矿 /
- 擦洗分级 /
- 光电选矿 /
- 浮选
Abstract:
This is an essay in the field of mineral processing engineering. Contamination of MgO and R₂O₃ emanating from dolomite and silicate in phosphate ore from Guizhou province has been a problem in phosphate ore processing. This study explored Scrubbing classification- Optoelectronic beneficiation- froth flotation to remove dolomite and silicate away from this phosphate ore. The phosphate minerals could be concentrated to 33.52% P₂O₅, with a recovery of 95.69%, and the content of MgO reduced to 0.82%, the content of Fe₂O₃+Al₂O₃ reduced to 2.84%. Additionally, scrubbing classification and photoelectric beneficiation can obtain qualified concentrate with a yield of 72.88%, which can greatly reduce the amount of ore entering the flotation operation and reduce the beneficiation cost.
- Mineral processing engineering /
- Phosphate ore /
- Scrubbing classification /
- Optoelectronic beneficiation /
- Flotation

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图 1 磷矿样品偏光显微镜照片

Figure 1.

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图 2 选矿实验流程

Figure 2.

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图 3 光电分选产品

Figure 3.

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图 4 磨矿细度与浮选指标关系曲线

Figure 4.

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图 5 碳酸钠用量实验结果

Figure 5.

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图 6 硅酸盐抑制剂对比实验结果

Figure 6.

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图 7 正浮选捕收剂用量实验结果

Figure 7.

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图 8 浮选矿浆质量浓度实验结果

Figure 8.

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图 9 反浮选捕收剂QS-29用量实验结果

Figure 9.

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表 1 原矿化学多元素分析结果/%

Table 1. Chemical multi-element analysis results of the raw ore

P₂O₅	MgO	SiO₂	Fe₂O₃	Al₂O₃	CaO	F	K₂O	NaO	I
30.84	1.24	12.45	1.15	3.12	41.96	2.78	0.55	0.32	0.008

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表 2 原矿石擦洗-分级实验结果

Table 2. Test results of scrubbing-grading of raw ore

粒级/ mm	产率/ %	主要化学成分含量/%					P₂O₅回收率/%
粒级/ mm	产率/ %	P₂O₅	MgO	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	SiO₂	P₂O₅回收率/%
+60	8.35	24.80	0.47	5.93	1.32	23.19	6.72
-60+40	8.20	28.79	0.41	3.78	0.97	17.62	7.65
-40+20	15.85	31.26	1.36	2.19	0.99	11.70	16.07
-20+10	18.95	32.64	0.91	2.32	1.32	9.79	20.05
-10+5	16.06	32.18	1.07	2.45	0.96	10.04	16.76
-5+2	8.33	33.19	1.07	2.13	0.97	9.03	8.96
-2+1	5.85	32.55	1.11	2.10	1.03	8.81	6.17
-1+0.45	3.62	33.87	1.01	2.03	0.99	8.14	3.98
-0.45+0.3	2.16	35.39	0.81	1.64	0.84	6.81	2.47
-0.30+0.15	4.22	35.18	0.69	1.73	0.81	7.04	4.81
-0.15+0.106	1.34	34.97	0.74	2.08	0.91	9.01	1.52
-0.106+0.075	1.05	32.66	0.81	2.33	1.06	10.08	1.11
-0.075+0.038	1.49	29.68	1.25	3.20	1.43	14.03	1.43
-0.038	4.53	15.58	1.47	11.23	1.58	27.98	2.29
合计	100.00	30.84	1.10	3.08	1.10	12.41	100.00

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表 3 原矿擦洗-分级产品归类结果

Table 3. Product classification results of scrubbing-grading test of raw ore

类别	粒级/mm	产率/%	主要化学成分含量/%
类别	粒级/mm	产率/%	P₂O₅	MgO	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	SiO₂
光电选原矿	-60+10	43.00	31.40	0.98	2.55	1.13	11.99
筛分精矿	-10+0.074	42.63	33.13	1.00	1.98	0.95	9.02
筛分尾矿	+60	8.35	24.80	0.47	5.93	1.32	23.19
筛分尾矿	-0.074	6.01	19.06	1.35	9.25	1.54	24.53
合计		100.00	30.84	1.10	3.08	1.10	12.41

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表 4 -60+10 mm粒级矿石光电分选实验结果

Table 4. Test results of photoelectric separation of -60+10 mm size ore

产品名称	作业产率/%	主要化学成分含量/%					P₂O₅作业回收率/%
产品名称	作业产率/%	P₂O₅	MgO	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	SiO₂	P₂O₅作业回收率/%
精矿	70.36	33.70	0.81	1.96	1.00	8.64	75.40
尾矿	29.64	26.10	1.09	5.32	1.41	18.45	24.60
合计	100.00	31.45	0.95	2.98	1.12	11.55	100.00

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表 5 温度对浮选精矿影响实验结果

Table 5. Test results of temperature influence on flotation indexes

温度/ ℃	CB-102用量/ （g/t）	产率/ %	P₂O₅品位/ %	P₂O₅回收率/ %
15	2667	87.15	26.24	94.31
25	1667	86.36	26.14	93.80
35	1000	87.68	25.98	94.49
45	667	89.52	25.86	96.14

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表 6 抑制剂条件实验结果

Table 6. Inhibitor condition test results

抑制剂/ （g/t）	产品名称	作业产率/%	品位/%					P₂O₅作业回收率/%
抑制剂/ （g/t）	产品名称	作业产率/%	P₂O₅	MgO	SiO₂	Fe₂O₃	Al₂O₃	P₂O₅作业回收率/%
硫酸 8056	精矿	93.06	31.47	0.49	6.83	0.85	1.37	99.30
	尾矿	6.94	2.98	15.84				0.70
	合计	100.00	29.49	1.56				100.00
磷酸 6111	精矿	93.01	31.84	0.38	6.31	0.76	1.19	99.33
	尾矿	6.99	2.85	16.86				0.67
	合计	100.00	29.81	1.53				100.00
磷酸 1333 硫酸 6667	精矿	93.50	31.19	0.53	6.58	0.92	1.39	99.34
	尾矿	6.50	3.00	15.80				0.66
	合计	100.00	29.35	1.52				100.00

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表 7 全流程实验结果

Table 7. Results of full-process test

产品名称	产率/ %	品位/%					P₂O₅回收率/%
产品名称	产率/ %	P₂O₅	MgO	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	SiO₂	P₂O₅回收率/%
光电选精矿	30.25	33.70	0.81	1.96	1.00	8.64	33.04
筛分精矿	42.63	33.13	1.00	1.98	0.95	9.02	45.76
浮选精矿	15.21	34.28	0.35	1.56	0.80	7.15	16.89
正浮选尾矿	9.75	12.85	0.32				4.06
反浮选尾矿	2.15	3.58	7.58				0.25
合计	100.00	30.86	0.92				100.00
综合精矿	88.09	33.52	0.82	1.90	0.94	8.57	95.69

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湖北某磷矿选矿实验研究

中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司，江西 南昌 330000

作者简介: 王建国（1982-），男，高级工程师，主要从事选矿工艺及药剂研究

Research on Beneficiation of a Phosphate Ore in Hubei Province

China Nerin Engineering Co., Ltd, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

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中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司，江西　南昌　330000