Mineralogical Factors Affecting Beneficiation-Metallurgy of a Gold Deposit in Africa
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摘要:
这是一篇工艺矿物学领域的论文。本文以非洲某金矿为研究对象，使用光学显微镜与矿物自动分析仪（AMICS、MLA）等手段，对该矿进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究。研究查明金矿物为自然金，成色较高（900±）；以粒间金和裂隙金形式存在的金矿物占62.77%，有37.23%的自然金以包裹金的形式存在；自然金总体较细，10 μm 27.54%；自然金多分布在非金属矿物中，与硫化物的关系不密切，仅有32.15%的自然金与硫化物相关。针对这些特点，该矿不利于通过全硫化物浮选的方式进行金的回收，适宜采用细磨后直接搅拌浸出的方式来回收金。
Abstract:This is an essay in the field of process mineralogy. Systematic process mineralogy has been done in this study, focusing on a gold deposit in Africa, using automatic mineral analysis system (i.e. AMICS, MLA) combined with optical microscopy. This study finds that gold minerals are mainly native gold, with high fineness of around 900. Intergranular and fracture gold totally occupy 62.77% of gold, and 37.23% of gold appears as inclusions in gangue minerals. The particle size of native gold is fine, with 27.54% portion under 10 μm. Nonmetallic minerals are main gold-hosting minerals, while sulfides are less related to gold, only 32.15%. Taking these features into consideration, flotation of whole sulfides is not suitable for gold recovery in this deposit, while stirring leaching after fine grinding will quite fit.
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表 1 自然金的X射线能谱分析结果
Table 1. Result of X-ray energy spectrum analysis of gold
序号 Au/% Ag/% Fe/% 1 90.37 7.16 2.48 2 91.68 8.32 0.00 3 90.95 8.44 0.61 4 89.94 7.42 2.64 5 90.43 8.35 1.21 6 89.14 7.67 3.19 7 88.36 11.64 0.00 8 88.03 11.97 0.00 9 92.45 7.55 0.00 10 87.53 11.91 0.56 11 92.51 7.49 0.00 12 85.77 11.15 3.08 13 87.52 11.76 0.72 14 90.44 9.56 0.00 15 91.43 8.57 0.00 16 91.85 6.24 1.91 17 93.89 6.11 0.00 18 92.59 5.97 1.44 
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表 2 矿石的矿物组成及相对含量
Table 2. Mineral composition and relative content in the sample
矿物名称 含量/% 矿物名称 含量/% 黄铁矿 2.66 黑云母 6.06 磁黄铁矿 0.54 方解石 5.91 毒砂 0.41 直闪石 4.25 磁铁矿 19.27 钠长石 2.29 菱铁矿 0.96 白云母 1.77 石英 43.08 其他 0.91 绿泥石 11.89 合计 100.00
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表 3 自然金在矿石中的分布特征
Table 3. Distribution characteristic of gold
分布特征 相关矿物 分布率/% 合计/% 粒间金 脉石 13.64 52.72 黄铁矿与磁铁矿 13.23 磁铁矿与脉石 10.01 黄铁矿与脉石 8.61 毒砂与磁铁矿 3.47 磁黄铁矿与脉石 3.76 包裹金 脉石 29.95 37.23 磁铁矿 4.20 黄铁矿 2.75 毒砂 0.33 裂隙金 脉石 9.22 10.05 磁铁矿 0.83
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表 4 磁铁矿、硫化物集合体的粒度分布特征
Table 4. Size distribution of magnetite, sulfide aggregate
粒级/mm 磁铁矿/% 硫化物集合体/% 含量 累计 含量 累计 -1.651+1.168 1.10 1.10 -1.168+0.833 5.52 6.63 -0.833+0.589 3.61 3.61 0.78 7.41 -0.589+0.417 2.56 6.17 3.89 11.30 -0.417+0.295 5.43 11.60 6.68 17.98 -0.295+0.208 6.39 17.99 5.27 23.25 -0.208+0.147 7.04 25.03 9.41 32.66 -0.147+0.104 7.27 32.30 9.42 42.08 -0.104+0.074 7.06 39.35 9.33 51.41 -0.074+0.043 13.08 52.44 14.98 66.39 -0.043+0.020 17.10 69.54 16.00 82.39 -0.020+0.015 8.34 77.88 5.81 88.20 -0.015+0.010 7.74 85.62 5.85 94.06 -0.010 14.38 100.00 5.94 100.00
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表 5 金的化学物相分析结果
Table 5. Results of chemical phase analysis of gold
名称 裸露金 硫化物包裹 其他矿物包裹 合计 含量/(g/t) 3.37 0.03 0.22 3.62 分布率/% 93.09 0.83 6.08 100.00
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