氧化铜矿浮选方法及药剂的研究现状及展望

蔺月萌; 韩百岁; 姜丽帅; 李潇煜; 徐文涛; 谢昊宇

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2024.03.018

氧化铜矿浮选方法及药剂的研究现状及展望

辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院，辽宁　鞍山　114051

基金项目: 2021年度优秀青年人才项目（2021YQ05）

详细信息

作者简介: 蔺月萌（1998-），女，硕士研究生。研究方向为矿物加工工程

通讯作者: 韩百岁（1987-），男，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为湿法冶金。

中图分类号: TD952

收稿日期: 2023-06-13

刊出日期: 2024-06-25

Research Status and Prospects of Flotation Methods and Reagents for Oxidized Copper Ore

School of Mining Engineering, Liaoning University of Science and Technology, Anshan 110451, Liaoning, China

More Information

Corresponding author: HAN Baisui, baisui.han@ustl.edu.cn

Received Date: 13 June 2023

Publish Date: 25 June 2024

摘要

摘要:
这是一篇矿物加工工程领域的论文。铜是一种重要的有色金属资源，随着易选硫化铜矿的日益减少，开发利用氧化铜矿是矿业领域内研究的重要内容。浮选法是处理氧化铜矿的主要方法。本文概述了近几年来关于氧化铜矿浮选的相关研究进展，详述了直接浮选法和硫化浮选法以及其他浮选方法的发展现状，并对浮选药剂进行了分析，探讨了氧化铜矿浮选今后的发展方向，旨在为高效选别氧化铜矿提供重要的理论依据。
- 矿物加工工程 /
- 氧化铜矿 /
- 浮选方法 /
- 研究进展 /
- 浮选药剂 /
- 发展方向
Abstract:
This is an article in the field of mineral processing engineering. Copper is an important non-ferrous metal resource. With the increasing reduction of easily processed copper sulfide, the development and utilization of copper oxide is an important content of research in the mining field. Flotation is the main method to treat copper oxide. This paper summarizes the relevant research progress of copper oxide flotation in recent years, details the development status of direct flotation, sulfide flotation and other flotation methods, analyzes the flotation reagents, and discusses the future development direction of copper oxide flotation, aiming to provide an important theoretical basis for efficient separation of copper oxide.
- Mineral processing engineering /
- Copper oxide /
- Flotation method /
- Research progress /
- Flotation reagent /
- Development direction

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图 1 BOPHPDT合成路线

Figure 1.

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图 2 TMATT合成路线

Figure 2.

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表 1 主要氧化铜矿物及其可浮性

Table 1. Main copper oxide minerals and their floatability

矿物名称	化学组成	晶格结构	可浮性
孔雀石	CuCO₃·Cu(OH)₂	单斜晶系	可浮性好,可用脂肪酸或羟肟酸钠直接浮选,也可用硫化钠硫化后用高级黄药浮选
硅孔雀石	CuSiO₃·2H₂O	非晶系	可浮性很差，表面亲水性很强，不容易被硫化钠等硫化剂硫化^[10-11]
赤铜矿	Cu₂O	等轴晶系	可浮性说法不一，不同产地和在不同生成条件下产出的赤铜矿可浮性差异较大
蓝铜矿	2CuCO₃·Cu(OH)₂	单斜晶系	浮选条件与孔雀石基本相同，不同点仅在于：用脂肪酸及其皂类浮选时，比孔雀石的浮游性好；硫化浮选时，则需要与药剂有较长的作用时间^[9]
黑铜矿	CuO	单斜晶系	赤铜矿进一步氧化的产物，极不稳定，易变成孔雀石和蓝铜矿等^{[7, 9]}
胆矾	CuSO₄·5H₂O	三斜晶系	属于可溶性矿物，在浮选时溶解于矿浆中，可浮性很差，完全损失于尾矿中。由于胆矾矿物的溶解，增大了矿浆中铜离子的浓度，还会破坏浮选过程的选择性，增加药剂的消耗^[9]
水胆矾	Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆	斜方晶系	水胆矾是一种微溶于水的矿物，很难上浮，一般都损失于尾矿中^[12]
氯铜矿	Cu₂Cl(OH)	斜方晶系	可溶性矿物，浮选过程中完全损失于尾矿之中^{[5, 9]}

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