青海某低品位难选金矿扫选精矿再磨再选实践及应用

明平田; 李飞; 陈自强; 熊召华; 胡梦忠

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2024.05.003

青海某低品位难选金矿扫选精矿再磨再选实践及应用

1.
青海省第六地质勘查院，青海　西宁　816000

2.
青海省金矿资源开发工程技术研究中心，都兰金辉矿业有限公司，青海　都兰　816100

基金项目: 四川省区域创新合作项目（22QYCX0061）；国家重点研发计划国际合作项目（2023YFE0104100）

详细信息

作者简介: 明平田（1977-），男，正高级工程师，从事选矿工艺研究和生产管理等工作

通讯作者: 李飞（1987-），男，高级工程师，从事工艺研究和选矿生产等工作

中图分类号: TD953

收稿日期: 2023-04-20

刊出日期: 2024-10-25

Practice and Application of Regrinding and Re-election of Swept Concentrate from a Low-grade Difficult Gold Ore in Qinghai Province

1.
Qinghai 6th Institute of Geology Exploration , Xining 816000, Qinghai, China

2.
The Engineering and Technology Research Center for the Development of Cold Mining Resources in Qinghai Province , Dulan Jinhui Mining Co., Ltd., Dulan 816100, Qinghai , China

More Information

Corresponding author: LI Fei, 376169069@qq.com

Received Date: 20 April 2023

Publish Date: 25 October 2024

摘要

摘要:
这是一篇矿物加工工程领域的论文。青海某低品位高砷高碳难选金矿原矿品位约为2.38 g/t，工业生产金回收率77%左右，通过开展工艺流程考查和矿物学分析，该矿山选厂扫选精矿金品位约3～6 g/t，主要载金矿物毒砂和黄铁矿单体解离度较低，分别为76.23%和78.74%，其单独浮选，金回收率约30%～50%。为了进一步提高该难选金矿选矿回收率，该矿山在实验室模拟选厂工艺流程开展扫选总精矿再磨再选实验研究，制定扫选精矿集中返回二段分级泵池的工艺流程方案，并完成该选厂工艺技改设计和实践等工作，技改后生产应用结果表明，扫选精矿集中返回再磨，其主要载金矿物毒砂和黄铁矿单体解离度分别提高至78.03%和80.63%，相比较顺序返回，扫选精矿再磨再选工艺在不影响精矿品位的前提下，选厂金的回收率由77.14%提高至81.13%，有效提高了该难选金矿浮选回收率。
- 矿物加工工程 /
- 高砷高碳 /
- 单体解离度 /
- 扫选精矿 /
- 回收率 /
- 工艺技改
Abstract:
This is an article in the field of mining processing engineering. The gold grade of a low-grade, high-arsenic, high-carbon refractory gold ore in Qinghai is about 2.38 g/t, and the industrial recovery rate of gold is about 77%. Through process flow investigation and mineralogical analysis, the gold grade of the mine's concentrator scavenging concentrate is about 3～6 g/t. The main gold-bearing minerals, arsenopyrite and pyrite, have low dissociation degrees of 76.23% and 78.74%, respectively. When floated separately, the gold recovery rate is about 30%～50%. In order to further improve the recovery rate of gold in this refractory gold mine, the mine conducted laboratory simulation of the process flow of the concentrator to carry out the experimental study of regrinding and re-separation of the scavenging concentrate, formulated the process flow scheme of returning the scavenging concentrate to the second stage grading pump pool in a centralized manner, and completed the process technology improvement design and process technology improvement practice of the concentrator. The production application results after the technological transformation showed that the single dissociation degree of the main gold-bearing minerals, arsenopyrite and pyrite, increased to 78.03% and 80.63% respectively when the scavenging concentrate was returned in a centralized manner, compared to the sequential return. The regrinding and re-separation process of the scavenging concentrate did not affect the grade of the concentrate under the premise of centralized return. The recovery rate of gold in the concentrator was increased from 77.14% to 81.13%, effectively improving the gold recovery index of this refractory gold mine.
- Mining processing engineering /
- High arsenic and high carbon /
- Monomer dissociation degree /
- Scavenging concentrate /
- Recovery rate /
- Technological innovation

HTML全文

图 1 原工艺流程

Figure 1.

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图 2 技改后的磨浮工艺流程

Figure 2.

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表 1 原矿化学多元素分析结果/%

Table 1. Analysis results of mineral chemical multi-elements

Au*	Ag*	As	MgO	Pb	Cu	TFe	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	K₂O	CaO	S	TC	Zn
2.41	<2.00	0.60	1.48	0.01	<0.01	3.79	13.2	72.00	3.41	2.08	2.05	1.23	0.01
*单位为g/t。

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表 2 扫选精矿毒砂单体解离度测定结果

Table 2. Determination results of monomer dissociation of arsenopyrite from scavenging concentrate

粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	不同比例连生体颗粒数								单体解离度 /%
粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	1/8	2/8	3/8	4/8	5/8	6/8	7/8	合计（n1）	单体解离度 /%
+106	12.17	25	112	15	9	8	5	1	1	29.88	45.56
-106+90	9.98	46	211	22	20	18	17	7	2	66.00	41.07
-90+74	4.44	115	117	50	19	25	20	23	17	91.38	55.72
-74+45	18.72	220	160	30	29	24	15	20	25	96.63	69.48
-45+38	4.21	326	30	29	23	12	8	5	4	37.88	89.59
-38	50.48	515	50	47	26	8	4	0	0	34.25	93.76
合计	100.00							总解离度/%			76.23

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表 3 扫选精矿黄铁矿单体解离度测定结果

Table 3. Determination results of monomer dissociation of pyrite from scavenging concentrate

粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	不同比例连生体颗粒数								单体解离度 /%
粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	1/8	2/8	3/8	4/8	5/8	6/8	7/8	合计（n1）	单体解离度 /%
+106	12.17	77	91	108	40	20	15	10	9	88.13	46.63
-106+90	9.98	252	85	110	70	75	58	40	18	183.88	57.81
-90+74	4.44	310	28	40	20	30	38	35	82	157.75	66.27
-74+45	18.72	430	90	50	65	62	77	42	17	173.63	71.24
-45+38	4.21	500	8	10	15	17	25	9	5	44.38	91.85
-38	50.48	630	35	38	25	15	8	7	4	44.50	93.40
合计	100.00							总解离度/%			78.74

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表 4 选厂原矿、精矿、尾矿粒级筛析结果

Table 4. Screening results of the original ore, concentrate and tailings of the concentrator

粒级 /μm	产率/%			品位									回收率/%
	产率/%			Au/(g/t)			S/%			As/%			回收率/%
	原矿	精矿	尾矿	原矿	精矿	尾矿	原矿	精矿	尾矿	原矿	精矿	尾矿	Au	S	As
+106	5.96	3.14	11.04	1.00	4.75	0.65	0.32	3.96	0.01	0.16	0.85	0.1	40.55	97.12	42.50
-106+90	9.55	7.02	10.61	1.12	6.75	0.55	1.08	7.73	0.01	0.22	1.28	0.07	55.41	99.20	72.13
-90+74	3.37	5.51	3.02	1.14	7.65	0.54	2.18	13.1	0.01	0.4	1.66	0.07	56.63	99.62	86.13
-74+45	17.84	23.59	14.05	1.69	12.5	0.56	2.9	23.87	0.22	0.54	3.86	0.1	70.00	93.27	83.65
-45+38	5.07	7.92	4.3	3.15	13.2	0.58	3.66	27.46	0.21	0.93	6.73	0.1	85.34	94.99	90.59
-38	58.21	52.81	56.98	2.98	37.2	0.59	2.03	24.98	0.43	0.71	7.87	0.21	81.49	80.20	72.35
累计	100.00	100.00	100.00	2.40	24.68	0.59	2.08	22.39	0.29	0.60	5.81	0.16	77.42	87.30	75.67

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表 5 选厂扫选精矿实验室浮选实验结果

Table 5. Flotation test results of laboratory scavenging concentrate in the concentrator

班次	金品位/(g/t)			粗选金精矿产率%	回收率/%	金富集比
班次	给矿（扫Ⅱ精）	尾矿	精矿	粗选金精矿产率%	回收率/%	金富集比
一班	6.16	5.06	10.70	19.46	33.82	1.74
二班	3.17	2.83	7.30	16.04	36.94	2.30
三班	5. 23	3.60	9.15	29.34	51.35	1.75

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表 6 原矿和原矿+扫选精矿实验室实验结果对比

Table 6. Comparison of roughing test results between raw ore and raw ore + scavenging concentrate

实验方案	金品位/(g/t)			精矿产率%	金回收率%	金富集比
实验方案	原矿	尾矿	精矿	精矿产率%	金回收率%	金富集比
现场流程	2.35	0.75	16.7	10.03	71.29	7.11
扫选精矿集中返回	2.79	0.69	16.3	10.44	78.60	5.84

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表 7 闭路实验结果对比

Table 7. Comparison of simulation closed-loop test results

流程	金品位(g/t)			精矿产率%	金回收率%	金富集比
流程	原矿	尾矿	精矿	精矿产率%	金回收率%	金富集比
中矿顺序返回	2.38	0.47	25.70	7.57	81.75	10.80
中矿返回二段分级泵池	2.36	0.40	25.49	7.81	84.37	10.80
说明：考虑到实验的可操作性和稳定性，暂不考虑分级的影响，原矿磨10 min20 s后，将实验的扫一、扫二精矿加入磨机与原矿再磨5 min20 s，进行浮选实验。

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表 8 扫选精矿集中返回至二段分级泵池技改前后选矿指标对比

Table 8. Comparison of beneficiation indexes before and after technical transformation of centralized return of scavenging concentrate to two-stage classification pump sump

工艺名称	时间	品位/(g/t)			精矿产率/%	回收率/%	金富集比
工艺名称	时间	原矿	精矿	尾矿	精矿产率/%	回收率/%	金富集比
原工艺	2021-03-05	2.23	23.58	0.55	7.29	77.14	10.57
技改工艺	2021-06-12	2.25	23.69	0.46	7.71	81.13	10.53

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表 9 技改后原矿、精矿、尾矿粒级筛析结果

Table 9. Screening results of raw ore, concentrate and tailings particle size after technical transformation

粒级 /μm	产率/%			品位									回收率/%
	产率/%			Au/(g/t)			S/%			As/%			回收率/%
	原矿	精矿	尾矿	原矿	精矿	尾矿	原矿	精矿	尾矿	原矿	精矿	尾矿	Au	S	As
+106	5.11	3.44	5.66	1.21	2.33	0.55	0.99	5.43	0.06	0.21	0.63	0.06	71.40	94.99	78.95
-106+90	9.57	11.22	10.80	1.29	5.24	0.54	1.03	6.82	0.03	0.22	1.09	0.04	64.82	97.52	84.94
-90+74	3.88	7.30	5.22	1.48	7.95	0.59	1.18	7.90	0.14	0.28	1.46	0.07	64.96	89.73	78.78
-74+45	16.15	21.41	15.88	2.41	14.60	0.53	2.31	14.85	0.03	0.57	3.72	0.04	80.95	98.90	93.99
-45+38	5.82	7.56	6.36	3.34	24.50	0.60	3.18	18.59	0.12	0.92	6.15	0.07	84.10	96.85	93.46
-38	59.46	49.07	56.08	2.65	37.40	0.44	1.91	18.81	0.07	0.60	7.20	0.07	84.39	96.69	89.20
累计	100.00	100.00	100.00	2.40	24.58	0.49	1.89	15.34	0.07	0.55	5.04	0.06	81.22	96.94	89.82
说明：相关数据计算方法同表4。

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表 10 技改后扫选精矿毒砂单体解离度测定结果

Table 10. Determination results of monomer dissociation of arsenopyrite from scavenging concentrate after technical transformation

粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	不同比例连生体颗粒数								单体解离度 /%
粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	1/8	2/8	3/8	4/8	5/8	6/8	7/8	合计（n1）	单体解离度 /%
+106	10.13	30	55	33	20	12	8	2	1	36.00	45.45
106+90	8.63	60	155	52	22	13	29	15	6	81.75	42.33
-90+74	5.28	133	120	62	34	23	33	23	26	115.38	53.55
-74+45	16.72	295	180	45	39	25	39	30	20	125.25	70.20
-45+38	6.31	375	30	26	16	18	10	6	5	40.38	90.28
-38	52.93	559	41	37	35	12	7	1	0	38.63	93.54
合计	100.00							总解离度/%			78.03

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表 11 技改后扫选精矿黄铁矿单体解离度测定结果

Table 11. Determination results of monomer dissociation of pyrite from scavenging concentrate after technical transformation

粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	不同比例连生体颗粒数								单体解离度 /%
粒级 /μm	产率/%	单体颗粒数/n	1/8	2/8	3/8	4/8	5/8	6/8	7/8	合计（n1）	单体解离度 /%
+106	10.13	73	93	84	46	22	10	8	6	78.38	48.22
106+90	8.63	238	87	111	88	33	55	37	20	167.75	58.66
-90+74	5.28	330	52	40	42	39	44	52	65	175.13	65.33
-74+45	16.72	450	115	70	44	55	69	45	36	184.25	70.95
-45+38	6.31	511	12	8	9	15	20	10	9	42.25	92.36
-38	52.93	646	35	45	33	9	11	4	2	44.13	93.61
合计	100.00							总解离度/%			80.63

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