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摘要:
这是一篇矿物加工工程领域的论文。气化渣是煤气化过程中产生的副产物，较难进行工业化处理。为实现对气化渣的合理有效利用，对我国鄂尔多斯地区典型的水煤浆工艺所产的气化粗渣进行简单的筛分处理，将其分为高、中和低碳三类碳渣。利用XRF、元素分析仪、XRD、SEM、BET比表面积分析仪、热重分析仪和ICP-MS等分析设备对三类碳渣的物理化学性质、重金属含量、碳含量、微观形貌、矿相组成和孔隙结构等进行表征分析。高、中和低碳三类碳渣具有显著的性质差异，筛分作业能较好地实现了气化渣的初步分质，为气化渣的利用奠定了基础。
Abstract:This is an article in the field of mineral processing engineering. The gasification slag is a by-product produced in the process of coal gasification, which is difficult to be industrialized. In order to realize the rational and effective utilization of gasification slags, the gasification coarse slags produced by the typical coal water slurry process in Ordos area of China are simply separated into high, medium and low carbon slags by screening. The physicochemical properties, heavy metal content, carbon content, micro morphology, mineral phase composition and pore structure of the three types of carbon slags were characterized and analyzed by XRF, element analyzer, XRD, SEM, BET specific surface area analyzer, thermogravimetric analyzer and ICP-MS. The high, medium and low carbon slags have significant differences in characteristics. The screening can better realize the preliminary quality separation of gasified slags, which lays a foundation for the classified utilization of gasified slags.
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表 1 原料粗渣基本物性/%
Table 1. Basic physical properties of raw material coarse slags
C H N S SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 TiO2 K2O Na2O P2O5 烧失量 含水量 19.89 0.14 0.31 0.31 48.83 17.88 12.54 12.6 1.22 2.21 0.82 1.6 1.61 0.15 24.67 20.50 
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表 2 样品标记/mm
Table 2. Sample marking
-0.055 -0.074+0.055 -0.106+0.0740 -0.15+0.106 -0.18+0.15 -0.2+0.18 -0.25+0.2 -0.30+0.25 -0.425+0.30 -0.55+0.425 -0.85+0.55 -1.7+0.85 +1.7 QHCZ-13 QHCZ-12 QHCZ-11 QHCZ-10 QHCZ-9 QHCZ-8 QHCZ-7 QHCZ-6 QHCZ-5 QHCZ-4 QHCZ-3 QHCZ-2 QHCZ-1
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表 3 三类碳渣元素含量及产率
Table 3. Element content and yield of three types of carbon slags
元素含量/% 烧失量/% 产率/% C H S N 高碳渣 44.33 0.38 0.43 0.63 46.39 40.73 中碳渣 16.58 0.19 0.67 0.25 19.45 14.62 低碳渣 1.94 0.09 0.29 0.10 3.20 44.65
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表 4 BET比表面积与比孔容积
Table 4. BET specific surface area and specific pore volume
吸附剂 BET比表面积/（m2/g） 孔容/（cm3/g） 孔径/nm 高碳渣 234.118 8 0.177 677 4.290 5 中碳渣 129.275 4 0.160 892 5.442 9 低碳渣 0.283 2 0.000 171 6.447 3
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表 5 粗渣原料及三类碳渣重金属元素含量/（mg/kg）
Table 5. Content of heavy metals in raw materials of coarse slags and three types of carbon slags
元素 粗渣原料 高碳渣 中碳渣 低碳渣 Pb 11.7 22.0 32.7 6.2 Cd 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 Cr 327.8 127.3 104.6 513.7 Hg 2.2 1.7 3.7 3.8 As 18.0 24.9 27.0 8.8 Co 35.0 22.5 46.6 44.0 Cu 33.6 22.3 46.0 41.0 Ni 32.3 24.0 51.5 33.4 Sb 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.4 Tl 2.4 3.1 2.2 2.4 V 61.4 39.1 69.6 80.0 Zn 33.0 57.0 81.3 23.2
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