Groundwater Genesis Model of Shicheng-Xunwu Fault Zone in Southeast Jiangxi province Based on Hydrochemical Characteristics
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摘要: 石城-寻乌断裂带控制了红层盆地分布、花岗岩侵入与深部热水的运移，是江西温泉分布最密集的区域，也是赣南最主要的控热构造。但目前研究仅限于零散地热田，缺乏从区域构造带尺度对地热水成因进行系统研究。为了探明石城-寻乌断裂带地热水成因，文章研究了石城-寻乌断裂带已有的14 个地热田，采用水化学组分、同位素等方法手段开展研究。结果表明：（1）石城?寻乌断裂带整体可分为北段邵武?石城断裂，中段会昌浅层次热隆伸展构造及南段的寻乌断裂带三部分，地热水分别受上述3 条主断裂控制，且断裂带活动程度由北向南增强，导致不同地热田的热储特征存在较大差异；（2）地热水属中性偏弱碱性水，在石城及会昌盆地段阳离子以钠和钙离子为主，阴离子以硫酸根、重碳酸根为主；在南部寻乌断裂带阳离子则以钠离子为主，阴离子以重碳酸根为主。水化学组分主要来源于水岩相互作用，蒸发岩与硅酸盐岩是主要离子的物源；（3）地热水来源于周边山脉雨水的就近补给。研究区地热水对应表观年龄较长，且构造带由北向南有热水年龄、幔源物质比例与热储温度同步增大的趋势；（4）断裂带热水属未成熟水，但随断裂带向南延伸有逐渐成熟的趋势。热储温度在54~144℃之间，最低温在石城沔坊，最高温在寻乌南桥东，呈现向南升温的趋势，对应热水循环深度也向南逐渐增加，最大可超过3 km深（寻乌南桥东）。沿断裂带地热水空间分异明显，水岩相互作用强度、地热水成熟度、热储温度、循环深度及水年龄、大地热流值、岩浆活动、地震活动等均与断裂带活跃程度相关，且随断裂带向南延伸而增加。断裂带南桥东地热田潜力最大，可作为断裂带深循环中高温地热勘查优先区。Abstract: The Shicheng-Xunwu fault zone, which controls the distribution of red bed basin, granite intrusion and deep hot water migration, is the most densely distributed hot spring area in Jiangxi Province and the most important heat-controlling structure in southern Jiangxi Province. However, the current research is limited to scattered geothermal fields without the origin of geothermal water from the scale of regional tectonic zones. In order to find out the origin of geothermal water in the Shicheng-Xunwu fault zone, 14 geothermal fields in the Shicheng-Xunwu fault zone have been studied by means of hydrochemical components and isotopes. The results show that: (1) The Shicheng-Xunwu fault zone can be divided into three parts: the Shaowu-Shicheng fault in the north, the Huichang shallow thermal rise extensional structure in the middle and the Xunwu fault zone in the south. Geothermal water is controlled by the above three main faults respectively, and the activity degree of the fault zone increases from north to south, resulting in great differences in the heat storage characteristics of different geothermal fields; (2) The geothermal water belongs to neutral and weakly alkaline water. In Shicheng and Huichang basin, the cations are mainly sodium and calcium ions, and the anions are mainly sulfate and bicarbonate. In the southern Xunwu fault zone, the cation is mainly sodium ion, and the anion is mainly bicarbonate. The hydrochemical components are mainly derived from water-rock interaction, and evaporite and silicate rock are the main source of ions; (3) Geothermal water comes from the nearby recharge of rainwater from the surrounding mountains. The apparent age of geothermal water in the study area becomes longer, and the hot water age, the ratio of mantle source material and the heat storage temperature increase synchronously from north to south in the tectonic belt; (4) The hot water in the fault zone is immature water, but it tends to mature gradually as the fault zone extends southward. The heat storage temperature ranges from 54 ℃ to 144℃, with the lowest temperature in Mianfang, Shicheng, and the highest temperature in the east of Nanqiao，Xunwu, showing a trend of getting warm to the south, corresponding to gradual increase in depth of hot water circulation to the south, and the maximum depth can exceed 3 km (east of Nanqiao, Xunwu ). The spatial differentiation of geothermal water along the fault zone is obvious. Water-rock interaction intensity, geothermal water maturity, heat storage temperature, circulation depth and water age, earth heat flow value, magmatic activity and seismic activity are all related to the active degree of the fault zone, and increase with the southward extension of the fault zone. The Nanqiao East geothermal field in the fault zone has the greatest potential and can be used as the priority area for high temperature geothermal exploration in the deep cycle of the fault zone.
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Key words:
- Shicheng-Xunwu fault zone /
- geothermal /
- hydrochemistry /
- genesis model
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