The Characteristics of Clay Minerals of the Eocene-Miocene Continental Strata in the Zhangshu-Guangchang Region, Jiangxi Province and its Paleoclimatic Significance
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摘要:
针对华南地区新生代气候敏感沉积物的研究，表明该时期古气候总体上经历了由干旱到湿润的转变，但是关于这一气候转变的具体演化过程缺乏更为详细的刻画。本文以华南东部江西省樟树-广昌地区始新世-中新世陆相地层为研究对象，系统开展全岩矿物含量和黏土矿物X射线衍射（XRD）分析。结果表明黏土矿物主要由伊利石和伊蒙混层组成，伊利石相对含量为7% ~ 63%，高岭石相对含量为0% ~ 93%，绿泥石相对含量为0% ~ 17%，伊蒙混层相对含量为0% ~ 63.2%。根据黏土矿物的组合、相对含量变化，结合前人研究成果，认为该地区始新世-中新世期间古气候经历了从相对干旱到半干旱半湿润气候转变，干湿变化的时间发生在中新世早期。这一认识为华南地区的古气候演变研究提供了重要参考。
Abstract:The study of climate-sensitive sediments from the Cenozoic in the South China Block indicates that the paleoclimate during this period generally experienced a transition from arid to humid conditions. However, there is a lack of detailed characterization regarding the specific evolutionary process of this climate transition. This paper focuses on the Eocene to Miocene continental strata in the Zhangshu-Guangchang area of Jiangxi Province in eastern South China, systematically conducting whole-rock mineral content and clay mineral X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The results show that the clay minerals are primarily composed of illite and illite-smectite mixed layers, with relative contents of illite ranging from 7% to 63%, kaolinite from 0% to 93%, chlorite from 0% to 17%, and illite-smectite mixed layers from 0% to 63.2%. According to the combinations and relative abundance changes of clay minerals, along with previous research findings, it is suggested that the paleoclimate in this region change from relatively arid to semi-arid and semi-humid conditions during the Eocene to Miocene in the early Miocene. This understanding provides important references for the study of paleoclimate evolution in the South China Block.
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表 1 樟树-广昌地区始新世-中新世地层全岩矿物含量统计表（%）
Table 1. Statistical table of the whole rock mineral content for the Eocene-Miocene strata in the Zhangshu-Guangchang area (%)
样品编号 地层 方沸石 石英 钾长石 斜长石 菱铁矿 角闪石 针铁矿 方解石 黄铁矿 赤铁矿 黏土矿物总量 TP01 头陂组 / 19.1 0 8.4 3.3 1.4 0 0 1.1 0 66.7 TP02 头陂组 / 42.3 0 1.4 1.1 0 0 0 0 0 55.2 LJ01 临江组 / 74.3 2.5 12.2 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 10.5 LJ01P2 临江组 / 41.5 3.9 4.5 0.7 0 0 11 0.7 0 37.7 LJ02 临江组 / 25.1 1.4 1.7 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 71.1 LJ03 临江组 / 32.2 1.3 2 0.7 0 0 0 0 0 63.7 LJ03P2 临江组 / 25.5 0 3.4 2 0 8.7 0 0 0 60.5 LJ05 临江组 / 35.3 3.6 7.1 0.9 0 0 5.5 0 1 46.4 LJ06P1 临江组 / 16.8 1.1 2.8 0.9 0 0 0 0 1.8 76.7 LJ06P3 临江组 / 13 1.3 2.4 1.1 0 0 0 0 1.9 80.2 LJ08 新余组 3 18.6 0.8 5.1 0.9 0 0 30.7 0 0 40.9 LJ12 新余组 / 46.6 1.3 12.2 0.7 0 0 13.7 0.6 0 24.9 平均值 32.53 1.43 5.27 1.13 0.12 0.73 5.08 0.2 0.4 52.88 
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表 2 樟树-广昌地区始新世-中新世地层黏土矿物相对含量统计表
Table 2. Statistical table of relative content of clay minerals for the Eocene-Miocene strata in the Zhangshu-Guangchang area
样品编号 地层 蒙脱石 伊利石 高岭石 绿泥石 伊蒙混层 绿蒙混层 % % % % % 混层比 % 混层比 TP01 头陂组 / 28 12 8 52.5 49 / / TP02 头陂组 / 7 93 0 0.0 / / / LJ01 临江组 / 36 4 0 60.1 73 / / LJ01P2 临江组 / 41 2 8 48.0 48 / / LJ02 临江组 / 54 0 1 44.7 64 / / LJ03 临江组 / 63 0 1 35.5 56 / / LJ03P2 临江组 / 61 39 0 0.0 / / / LJ05 临江组 / 30 3 3 63.2 55 / / LJ06P1 临江组 / 56 2 4 38.5 61 / / LJ06P3 临江组 / 48 / / 52.4 54 / / LJ08 新余组 / 55 0 7 37.5 47 / / LJ12 新余组 / 45 4 17 34.0 69 / /
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