Characteristics and Exploration Direction of the Cambrian Shilongdong Formation Reservoir in Yichang and Surrounding Areas
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摘要:
宜昌地区寒武系页岩气的勘探发现表明该区域可能蕴藏巨大的油气资源潜力，寒武系石龙洞组上覆覃家庙组膏岩盖层使其成为常规油气勘探的重要层位。本文通过宜昌及周边的钻井岩心、薄片观察描述，物性、碳氧同位素等测试，对石龙洞组储层及控制因素做了研究。结果表明宜昌及周边地区石龙洞组储层主要形成于局限台地环境，储层岩性以细晶云岩、砂屑白云岩为主，孔隙度平均值为5.2%，渗透率平均值为8.638×10−3 μm2，孔隙类型以晶间溶孔和晶间孔为主。石龙洞组形成于温暖或炎热的亚热带环境，控制储层发育的主要因素有沉积相、白云岩化、溶蚀作用和构造裂缝。震旦纪-寒武纪之交古隆起控制了石龙洞组优质储层分布，同时也是油气运移的指向区。古隆起边缘烃源岩生烃时间晚，油气扩散时间短、保存条件相对有利。因此叠合石龙洞组储层、覃家庙组盖层、圈闭、构造保存条件等因素，宜昌地区围绕石龙洞组天然气勘探的有利区位于黄陵隆起东南缘-当阳复向斜一带。
Abstract:The exploration and discovery of Cambrian shale gas in the Yichang area indicates enormous potential for oil and gas resources. The Cambrian Shilongdong Formation, overlaid with the Qinjiamiao Formation gypsum rock cap, has become an important layer for conventional oil and gas exploration. This study has researched the reservoir and controlling factors of the Shilongdong Formation through observations and descriptions of drilling cores from Yichang and its surrounding areas, combined with the information on rock thin sections, physical properties, carbon and oxygen isotopes. The results indicate that the Shilongdong Formation reservoir in Yichang and surrounding areas was mainly formed in a confined platform environment. The reservoir lithology is dominantly fine crystalline dolomite and granular dolomite, with an average porosity of 5.2% and an average permeability of 8.638×10−3 μm2. The pore type is mainly dissolution pores. The Shilongdong Formation was formed in a warm or hot subtropical environment, and the main factors controlling reservoir development include sedimentary facies, dolomitization, dissolution, and structural fractures. The ancient uplift at the turn of the Cambrian and Cambrian periods controlled the distribution of high-quality reservoirs in the Shilongdong Formation and also served as a directional zone for oil and gas migration. The hydrocarbon generation time of the ancient uplift edge source rocks is late, the oil and gas diffusion time is short, and the preservation conditions are relatively favorable. Therefore, the favorable area for natural gas exploration of the Shilongdong Formation in the Yichang area is located in the southeast edge of the Huangling Uplift- Dangyang Syncline, due to factors such as the reservoir of the Shilongdong Formation, the cap rock of the Qinjiamiao Formation, traps, and structural preservation conditions.
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