Environmental Cost Analysis of the Development and Utilization of the Bayan Obo Rare Earth Resources, Inner Mongolia
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摘要: 稀土资源开发利用所造成的环境污染和生态破坏严重制约了我国稀土行业的可持续发展.本文以白云鄂博稀土资源开发为例,在定量分析包头稀土采选冶过程中的废气、废水、废渣等污染物排放情况的基础上,开展稀土资源开发环境成本分析,并以2010年为基准年进行基于虚拟治理成本的定量计算.结果显示,2010年白云鄂博稀土资源开发利用总环境外部成本为11 652.1万元,折合到每吨稀土产品(REO)为2 335元.虽然受数据、研究方法的限制和参数选取的准确程度的影响,本次核算结果具有一定程度的不确定性,但是本研究结果可以为实现稀土资源的合理开发、价格制定以及环境保护提供参考依据.Abstract: The development and utilization of rare earth resources have brought many ecological environment problems,which restrict the sustainable development.Based on the quantitative analysis of waste gas,waste water and waste residue in the process of rare earth mining and metallurgy in Baotou,the authors studied the environmental cost of rare earth resources development.The year 2010 was selected as the base year,and the quantitative calculation based on the virtual disposal cost was carried out.The total environmental external cost of Bayan Obo rare earth resources development and utilization was 116.52 million Yuan in 2010,corresponding to 2 335 Yuan for every ton of rare earth product (REO).Due to the limitations of data,methods and parameters,the results have a certain degree of uncertainty.Such results will offer technical supports for exploitation,pricing and environmental protection.
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