Status and Prospects of Electromagnetic Method Used in Geothermal Resources Exploration
-
摘要: 地热资源作为一种储量丰富、无污染、持续稳定的可再生能源, 正受到国际社会的普遍关注。电阻率与地热环境中的孔隙度、渗透率、含盐度、蚀变及温度等关键参数紧密相关, 是表征地热属性最为灵敏的参数。作为获得地下电性结构的一种重要地球物理勘探方法, 电磁勘探方法具有探测范围广、深度大、精度高且经济高效等特点, 被广泛应用于地热资源勘探。本文主要对电磁探测在地热资源的应用与发展现状、地热电磁成像及地热要素电性特征等方面进行综合论述。然后, 根据电磁勘探在地热区的应用实例, 总结了电磁法在地热勘探中的适应性、有效性及准确性。最后, 对地热资源混场源超宽频电磁数据采集、高精度反演成像及关键地热属性识别等前沿科学问题与方法技术进行了展望。Abstract: As a clean, sustainable, and renewable energy resource, geothermal energy has attracted considerable attention worldwide. A strong correlation exists between resistivity and geothermal-related parameters, including porosity, permeability, salinity, alteration and temperature. Electromagnetic methods have been widely used in geothermal exploration to effectively determine subsurface electrical structures, and are characterized by a wide detection range, high accuracy, low cost, and can reach large depths. This study mainly discusses the application and development of electromagnetic exploration in geothermal resources, geothermal electromagnetic tomography, and the electrical characteristics of geothermal elements. The applicability, effectiveness, and accuracy of electromagnetic methods in geothermal exploration are summarized based on examples of electromagnetic exploration in geothermal areas. Finally, the prospects of frontier methods and technologies in geothermal exploration and exploitation such as hybrid source ultra-wide electromagnetic data acquisition, high-precision inversion imaging, and major geothermal attributes identification are described.
-
Key words:
- geothermal resources /
- electromagnetic method /
- resistivity
-
-
岑敏, 董树文, 施炜, 周涛发, 陈龙, 陈兴强. 2015. 大同盆地形成机制的构造研究[J]. 地质论评, 61(6): 1235-1247.
李三忠, 张国伟, 周立宏, 赵国春, 刘鑫, 索艳慧, 刘博, 金宠, 戴黎明. 2011. 中、新生代超级汇聚背景下的陆内差异变形:华北伸展裂解和华南挤压逆冲[J]. 地学前缘, 18(3): 79-107.
裴发根, 张小博, 王绪本, 吕琴音, 方慧, 陈德元, 张健. 2021.综合地球物理勘探在齐齐哈尔地区低温地热系统调查中的应用--以 HLD1井为例[J]. 地球物理学进展, 36(4):1432-1442.
任小庆, 余鸿, 罗娜宁, 李超民, 王启宇. 2022. CSAMT法在福建省惠安地热勘查中的应用[J]. 现代地质, 36(2): 515-523.
汤井田, 任政勇, 周聪, 张林成, 原源, 肖晓. 2015. 浅部频率域电磁勘探方法综述[J]. 地球物理学报.58(8): 2681-2705.
唐显春, 王贵玲, 马岩, 张代磊, 刘忠, 赵旭, 程天君. 2020. 青海共和盆地地热资源热源机制与聚热模式[J]. 地质学报, 94(7): 2052-2065.
唐显春, 王贵玲, 张代磊, 马岩. 2023. 青藏高原东北缘活动构造与共和盆地高温热异常形成机制[J]. 地球学报, 44(1):7-20.
田红军, 张光大, 刘光迪, 游文兵, 张应文. 2020. 黔北台隆区地热勘探中广域电磁法的应用效果[J].物探与化探, 44(5):1093-1097.
汪集 旸 , 胡圣标, 庞忠和, 何丽娟, 赵平, 朱传庆, 饶松, 唐晓音, 孔彦龙, 罗璐, 李卫卫. 2012. 中国大陆干热岩地热资源潜力评估[J]. 科技导报, 30(32): 25-31.
王贵玲, 刘彦广, 朱喜, 张薇. 2020. 中国地热资源现状及发展趋势[J]. 地学前缘, 27(1): 1-9.
王贵玲, 张薇, 梁继运, 蔺文静, 刘志明, 王婉丽. 2017. 中国地热资源潜力评价[J]. 地球学报, 38(04): 449-459.
周文龙. 2021. 大同盆地东北部地热区电性结构探测研究[D].武汉: 中国地质大学(武汉).
ABDELFETTAH Y, SAILHAC P, LARNIER H, MATTHEY P D, SCHILL E. 2018. Continuous and time-lapse magnetotelluric monitoring of low volume injection at Rittershoffen geothermal project, northern Alsace-France[J]. Geothermics, 71:1-11.
ANDERSON E, JOHNSTONE R, HARVEY C, USSHER G. 2000.Understanding the resistivities observed in geothermal systems[C]//World Geothermal Conference. Japan: Kyushu:1915-1920.
ARCHIE G E. 1942. The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics[J]. Transactions of the Aime, 146(1): 54-62.
ÁRNASON K, EYSTEINSSON H, HERSIR G P. 2010. Joint 1D inversion of TEM and MT data and 3D inversion of MT data in the Hengill area, SW Iceland[J]. Geothermics, 39(1): 13-34.ARS J-M, TARITS P, HAUTOT S, BELLANGER M, COUTANT O, MAIA M. 2019. Joint inversion of gravity and surface wave data constrained by magnetotelluric: Application to deep geothermal exploration of crustal fault zone in felsic basement[J]. Geothermics, 80: 56-68.
BERKTOLD A. 1983. Electromagnetic studies in geothermal regions[J]. Geophysical Surveys, 6(1-2): 173-200.
CAMPBELL R B, BOWER C A, RICHARDS L A. 1949. Change of electrical conductivity with temperature and the relation of osmotic pressure to electrical conductivity and ion concentration for soil extracts[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 13(C): 66-69.
CEN Min, DONG Shu-wen, SHI Wei, ZHOU Tao-fa, CHEN Long, CHEN Xing-qiang. 2015. Structural analysis on the formation mechanism of Datong Basin[J]. Geological Review, 61(6):1235-1247(in Chinese with English abstract).
CHANG Ping-yu, LO Wei, SONG Seng-rong, HO Kong-ruei, WU Chia-shan, CHEN Chow-son, LAI Yu-chi, CHEN Huei-fen, LU Hseuh-yu. 2014. Evaluating the Chingshui geothermal reservoir in northeast Taiwan with a 3D integrated geophysical visualization model[J]. Geothermics, 50: 91-100.
DIDANA Y L, HEINSON G, THIEL S, KRIEGER L. 2017. Magnetotelluric monitoring of permeability enhancement at enhanced geothermal system project[J]. Geothermics, 66: 23-38.EGBERT G D, BOOKER J R. 1986. Robust estimation of geomagnetic transfer functions[J]. Geophysical Journal International, 87(1): 173-194.
FLÓVENZ Ó G, GEORGSSON L S, ÁRNASON K. 1985. Resistivity structure of the upper crust in Iceland[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, 90(B12): 10136-10150.
GAMBLE T D, GOUBAU W M, CLARKE J. 1979. Magnetotellurics with a remote magnetic reference[J]. Geophysics, 44(1):53-68.
GAO Ji, ZHANG Hai-jiang, ZHANG Sen-qi, CHEN Xiao-bin, CHENG Zheng-pu, JIA Xiao-feng, LI Sheng-tao, FU Lei, GAO Lei, XIN Hai-liang. 2018. Three-dimensional magnetotelluric imaging of the geothermal system beneath the Gonghe Basin, Northeast Tibetan Plateau[J]. Geothermics, 76: 15-25.
HAN Q, KELBERT A, HU X. 2021. An electrical conductivity model of a coastal geothermal field in southeastern China based on 3D magnetotelluric imaging[J]. Geophysics, 86(4):B265-B276.
HE Lan-fang, CHEN Ling, DOR Ji, XI Xiao-lu, ZHAO Xue-feng, CHEN Ru-jun, YAO Hong-chun. 2016. Mapping the geothermal system using AMT and MT in the Mapamyum (QP)Field, Lake Manasarovar, Southwestern Tibet[J]. Energies, 9(10): 855.
HOKSTAD K, TANAVSUU-MILKEVICIENE K. 2017. Temperature prediction by multigeophysical inversion: Application to the IDDP-2 Well at Reykjanes, Iceland[J]. GRC Transactions, 41: 1-12.
HUANG Guo-shu, HU Xiang-yun, CAI Jian-chao, MA Huo-lin, CHEN Bin, LIAO Chen, ZHANG Shi-hui, ZHOU Wen-long.2022. Subsurface temperature prediction by means of the coefficient correction method of the optimal temperature: A case study in the Xiong'an New Area, China[J]. Geophysics, 87(4):B269-B285.
ISHITSUKA K, KOBAYASHI Y, WATANABE N, YAMAYA Y, BJARKASON E, SUZUKI A, MOGI T, ASANUMA H, KAJIWARA T, SUGIMOTO T, SAITO R. 2021. Bayesian and neural network approaches to estimate deep temperature distribution for assessing a supercritical geothermal system:Evaluation using a numerical model[J]. Natural Resources Research, 30(5): 3289-3314.
JOUSSET P, HABERLAND C, BAUER K, ARNASON K. 2011.Hengill geothermal volcanic complex (Iceland) characterized by integrated geophysical observations[J]. Geothermics, 40(1):1-24.
KELLER G V, FRISCHKNECHT F C.1966. Electrical methods in geophysical prospecting[M]. UK: Road Research Laboratory.
KEY K, WEISS C. 2006. Adaptive finite-element modeling using unstructured grids: The 2D magnetotelluric example[J]. Geophysics, 71(6): G291-G299.
KUSKY T M, LI J. 2003. Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the North China Craton[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 22(4): 383-397.
KUYUMCU Ö C, SOLAROĞLU U Z D, HALLINAN S, TURKOGLU E, SOYER W. 2012. Interpretation of 3D Magnetotelluric (MT) surveys; basement conductors of the Menderes Massif, Western Turkey[C]//International Geophysical Conference and Oil & Gas Exhibition. Istanbul: Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
LI San-zhong, ZHANG Guo-wei, ZHOU Li-hong, ZHAO Guo-chun, LIU Xin, SUO Yan-hui, LIU Bo, JIN Chong, DAI Li-ming. 2011. The opposite Meso-Cenozoic intracontinental deformations under the super-covergence: Rifting and extension in the North China Carton and shortening and thrusting in the South China Craton[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 18(3):79-107(in Chinese with English abstract).
LI San-zhong, ZHAO Guo-chun, DAI Li-ming, ZHOU Li-hong, LIU Xin, SUO Yan-hui, SANTOSH M. 2012. Cenozoic faulting of the Bohai Bay Basin and its bearing on the destruction of the eastern North China Craton[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 47: 80-93.
LICHORO C M, ÁRNASON K, CUMMING W. 2017. Resistivity imaging of geothermal resources in northern Kenya rift by joint 1D inversion of MT and TEM data[J]. Geothermics, 68:20-32.
MAITHYA J, FUJIMITSU Y. 2019. Analysis and interpretation of magnetotelluric data in characterization of geothermal resource in Eburru geothermal field, Kenya[J]. Geothermics, 81:12-31.
MARWAN, YANIS M, IDROES R, ISMAIL N. 2019. 2D inversion and static shift of MT and TEM data for imaging the geothermal resources of Seulawah Agam Volcano, Indonesia[J]. International Journal of GEOMATE, 17(62): 173-180.
MEJU M A. 2002. Geoelectromagnetic exploration for natural resources: Models, case studies and challenges[J]. Surveys in Geophysics, 23(2): 133-206.
MONTECINOS-CUADROS D, DíAZ D, YOGESHWAR P, MUNOZ-SAEZ C. 2021. Characterization of the shallow structure of El Tatio geothermal field in the Central Andes, Chile using transient electromagnetics[J]. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 412: 107198.
MUÑOZ G. 2014. Exploring for geothermal resources with electromagnetic methods[J]. Surveys in Geophysics, 35(1):101-122.
PEACOCK J R, THIEL S, REID P, HEINSON G. 2012. Magnetotelluric monitoring of a fluid injection: Example from an enhanced geothermal system[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 39(18): L18403.
PEI Fa-gen, ZHANG Xiao-bo, WANG Xu-ben, LÜ Qin-yin, FANG Hui, CHEN De-yuan, ZHANG Jian. 2021. Application in geothermal survey of low temperature system by integrated geophysical exploration in the Qiqihar area: take the well HLD1 as an example[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 36(4):1432-1442(in Chinese with English abstract).
REN Xiao-qing, YU Hong, LUO Na-ning, LI Chao-min, WANG Qi-yu. 2022. Application of CSAMT in geothermal exploration in Hui’an, Fujian Province[J]. Geoscience, 36(2):515-523(in Chinese with English abstract).
SANTOS F A M, AFONSO A R A, DUPIS A. 2007. 2D joint inversion of dc and scalar audio-magnetotelluric data in the evaluation of low enthalpy geothermal fields[J]. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 4(1): 53-62.
SOENGKONO S, REEVES R. 2017. Gravity, magnetic and resistivity investigations of the Okauia Low Temperature Geothermal System in alluvial sediments of the Hauraki Depression, New Zealand[J]. Exploration Geophysics, 48(3):316-331.
SPICHAK V, MANZELLA A. 2009. Electromagnetic sounding of geothermal zones[J]. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 68(4):459-478.
SPICHAK V, ZAKHAROVA O. 2012. The subsurface temperature assessment by means of an indirect electromagnetic geothermometer[J]. Geophysics, 77(4): WB179-WB190.
TANG Jing-tian, REN Zheng-yong, ZHOU Cong, ZHANG Lin-cheng, YUAN Yuan, XIAO Xiao. 2015. Frequency-domain electromagnetic methods for exploration of the shallow subsurface: A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 58(8): 2681-2705(in Chinese with English abstract).
TANG Xian-chun, WANG Gui-ling, MA Yan, ZHANG Dai-lei, LIU Zhong, ZHAO Xu, CHENG Tian-jun. 2020. Geological model of heat source and accumulation for geothermal anomalies in the Gonghe basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 94(7): 2052-2065(in Chinese with English abstract).
TANG Xian-chun, WANG Gui-ling, ZHANG Dai-lei, MA Yan.2023. Coupling Mechanism of Geothermal Accumulation and the Cenozoic Active Tectonics Evolution in Gonghe Basin, Northeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 44(1): 7-20(in Chinese with English abstract).
TIAN Hong-jun, ZHANG Guang-da, LIU Guang-di, YOU Wen-bing, ZHANG Ying-wen. 2020. The application effect of the wide field electromagnetic method in geothermal exploration of Tailong area, northern Guizhou Province[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 44(5): 1093-1097(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Gui-ling, LIU Yan-guang, ZHU Xi, ZHANG Wei. 2020.The status and development trend of geothermal resources in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 27(1): 1-9(in Chinese with English absrtact).
WANG Gui-ling, ZHANG Wei, LIANG Ji-yun, LIN Wen-jing, LIU Zhi-ming, WANG Wan-li. 2017. Evaluation of geothermal resources potential in China[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 38(4): 449-459(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Ji-yang, HU Sheng-biao, PANG Zhong-he, HE Li-jiuan, ZHAO Ping, ZHU Chuan-qing, RAO Song, TANG Xiao-yin, KONG Yan-long, LUO Lu, LI Wei-wei. 2012. Estimate of geothermal resources potential for hot dry rock in the continental area of China[J]. Science & Technology Review, 30(32): 25-31(in Chinese with English abstract).
XU Shan, UNSWORTH M J, HU Xiang-yun, MOONEY W D.2019. Magnetotelluric evidence for asymmetric simple shear extension and lithospheric thinning in South China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124(1): 104-124.
YADAV K, SIRCAR A. 2019. Integrated 2D joint inversion models of gravity, magnetic, and MT for geothermal potentials: a case study from Gujarat, India[J]. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 5(3): 963-983.
ZHANG Kun, LÜ Qing-tian, ZHAO Jin-hua, YAN Jia-yong, HU Hao, LUO Fan, FU Guang-ming, TAO Xin. 2020. Magnetotelluric evidence for the multi-microcontinental composition of eastern South China and its tectonic evolution[J]. Scientific Reports, 10(1): 13105.
ZHANG Yue-qiao, MERCIER J L, VERGÉLY P. 1998. Extension in the graben systems around the Ordos (China), and its contribution to the extrusion tectonics of south China with respect to Gobi-Mongolia[J]. Tectonophysics, 285(1-2): 41-75.
ZHOU Wen-long, HU Xiang-yun, YAN Shi-long, GUO Hong-dang, CHEN Wei, LIU Si-jing, MIAO Chun-yan. 2020. Genetic analysis of geothermal resources and geothermal geological characteristics in Datong Basin, Northern China[J]. Energies, 13(7): 1-19.
ZHOU Wen-long. 2021. Electrical structure of geothermal area in northeast of Datong Basin[D]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(in Chinese with English absrtact).
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 32
- PDF下载数: 4
- 施引文献: 0
下载: