Abstract: Based on the long-time-series (1982—2015) GIMMS NDVI3g and CRU Ts datasets of precipitation, temperature, and potential evapotranspiration (PET) of Asia, this study identified the spatio-temporal variations in the vegetation coverage and climatic elements in Asia in the past 34 years using the maximum-value composite procedure, Mann-Kendall trend tests, and correlation analysis. Furthermore, this study analyzed the response of vegetation coverage to climate changes and explored the influence mechanisms of climate changes on the dynamic changes of vegetation. The results show that the vegetation in Asia during 1982—2015 is as follows: ① the vegetation coverage was high (NDVI > 0.5) in Southeast Asia, Japan, India, and the southern coasts of China but low in most parts of central Asia; ② the NDVI in Asia showed an upward trend at an increasing rate of 0.000 7/a. Moreover, the vegetation coverage exhibited a significant seasonal increase, with spring contributing the most to the interannual NDVI; ③ The PET in Asia was high in the west but low in the east. For example, the PET was high (> 40 mm) in arid and semi-arid Central Asia and Western Asia; ④ The temperature in Asia was high in the south and low in the north. For example, in China, the temperature was higher than 15 ℃ in the south and lower than 15 ℃ in the north. Rainfall exhibited a similar but more significant spatial distribution compared to the temperature; ⑤ The temperature, rainfall, and PET showed regional effects on NDVI. For example, rainfall and PET served as the main factors influencing NDVI in northern Asia, while the temperature was the main factor influencing NDVI in central and southern Asia; ⑥ The effects of climate changes on NDVI were significant in spring and especially summer but were nonsignificant in autumn and winter; ⑦ The effects of climate changes on NDVI showed a significant time lag of one month.