摘要:
为探索现代城市化背景下安徽省生态系统健康状况,基于时间序列土地利用类型数据,利用“活力—组织力—弹力”(vigour-organization-resilience,VOR)模型构建安徽省生态系统健康评价体系,采用熵权法确定系统指标权重,在县级尺度对安徽省1980—2015年生态系统健康开展分级评估与时空演变分析。结果表明: ①安徽省不健康等级区县最多,亚健康等级区县次之,面积占比分别为56.37%和16.83%; 安徽省生态系统多年平均健康综合指数与多年平均健康等级空间分布整体呈现南高北低格局,且均与地貌类型有较强关联,健康和很健康等级区域集中分布于皖南丘陵山地区和皖西丘陵山地区,不健康等级区域连片分布于淮河平原区、江淮丘陵区以及沿江平原区,其中生态系统健康综合指数最高的地区为黄山市祁门县,约0.92,最低地区位于合肥市庐阳区,约0.17。②1980—2015年安徽省整体生态系统健康水平趋向健康发展,共24个区县健康等级上升,无区县健康等级下降,全省平均健康等级由不健康提升至亚健康; 仍有13个区县的健康综合指数下降,生态系统健康水平不稳定,健康等级有下降风险。研究结论对安徽省制定合理的土地利用政策、保护治理生态环境、优化生态系统服务功能等具有一定参考价值。
Abstract:
To explore the ecosystem health of Anhui Province in the context of modern urbanization, this study established an ecosystem health evaluation system for Anhui Province based on time-series land use type data using the vigour-organization-resilience (VOR) model. Then, this study defined the weights of indicators in the evaluation system using the entropy weight method and evaluated the ecosystem health of Anhui Province and its spatio-temporal evolution over the period from 1980 to 2015 on the county scale. The results show that: ① Anhui Province was dominated by counties with an unhealthy ecosystem, followed by counties with a subhealthy ecosystem, both of which accounted for 56.37% and 16.83%, respectively. Spatially, the comprehensive average multiyear health index and average multiyear health grade of Anhui Province’s ecosystem were higher in the south and lower in the north, strongly correlating with the landform type. Areas with Healthy and very healthy ecosystems were mostly distributed in the hilly and mountainous areas in the southern and western parts of the province. In contrast, areas with an unhealthy ecosystem were contiguously distributed in the Huai River Plain, the Jianghuai hilly area, and the plain area along the Yangtze River. Among, Qimen County, Huangshan City exhibited the highest comprehensive ecosystem health index of 0.92, and Luyang District of Hefei City displayed the lowest comprehensive ecosystem health index of about 0.17; ② The overall ecosystem of Anhui Province showed a healthy trend from 1980 to 2015. With 24 counties exhibiting increasing health grades and no counties displaying decreasing health grades, the average provincial health grade increased from unhealthy to subhealthy grades. Nevertheless, 13 counties exhibited decreasing comprehensive health index values, indicating unstable ecosystem health levels and risks of decreasing health grades. The findings of the study can, to some extent, provide a reference for Anhui Province to formulate reasonable land use policies, protect and manage the eco-environment, and optimize ecosystem service functions.
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