Evaluation and analysis of geological environment of mines in the Ili Valley and countermeasures for ecological restoration and management
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摘要: 为进行伊犁河谷矿山地质环境评价分析与生态恢复治理对策研究,该文基于遥感影像提取的伊犁河谷矿山开发状况与矿山地质环境遥感调查结果,结合多源地质资料、人文数据和气象资料,运用层次分析法,构建层次结构模型,对伊犁河谷矿山环境进行了分析评价。结果显示,伊犁谷地严重区分布较为集中,占伊犁河谷总面积的4.61%; 较严重区与一般严重区呈现连片分布,且互为交叉,界线不太分明; 一般严重区主要分布在极高山区、中高山区及低山丘陵区; 无影响区主要分布在伊犁河谷中部冲积平原区和昭苏盆地平原区。生态承载力高的地区主要集中在中部,除去昭苏县和特克斯县的南部、尼勒克县的东部边缘地带与霍尔果斯的北部地区,其他地区生态承载力相对比较高。研究结果可为伊犁河谷生态环境可持续发展及矿山资源的合理开发提供基础数据和技术支撑,亦可为干旱半干旱区矿山地质环境监测评价提供范例。Abstract: This study aims to evaluate and analyze the geology of mines in Ili Valley and investigate the countermeasures for ecological restoration therein. Utilizing the mining development status derived from remote sensing data and the remote sensing survey results of geological environment, as well as multi-source geological, socio-economic, and meteorological data, this study built a hierarchy structural model using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and assessed the geological environment of mines in the Ili Valley, The results indicate that the severely affected areas are relatively concentrated, accounting for 4.61% of the total area of Ili Valley. The moderately severely affected areas present a continuous distribution. These areas overlap with each other, exhibiting indistinct boundaries. The generally affected areas are primarily distributed in extremely high mountain areas, medium to high mountain areas, and low mountain and hilly areas. The unaffected areas are primarily distributed in the alluvial plain area in the central part Ili River Valley and the plain area of the Zhaosu Basin. The areas with high ecological carrying capacity are mainly concentrated in the central region except for the south of Zhaosu County and Tekes County, the eastern edge of Nilka County, and the northern area of Khorgos. This study proposed corresponding ecological restoration and management measures and countermeasures against major geological issues. The findings of this study can provide basic data and technical support for the sustainable development of the ecology and the rational exploitation of mine resources in the Ili Valley. Additionally, these findings can serve as a case study for monitoring and assessing the geology of mines in arid and semi-arid areas.
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