Evaluation of typical natural landscapes in Xinjiang based on an EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS model
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摘要: 2021年我国启动了第三次新疆综合科学考察, 为建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系、实现世界自然遗产申报与保护的目标, 利用天地一体化技术进行自然景观识别, 文章构建了EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS模型对新疆15类460处典型自然景观进行评价。结果表明: ①相比传统的多指标评价方法, EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS模型减轻了单一赋权法的局限性, 综合考虑了各项评价指标, 在景观评估中具有良好的应用性; ②分类别进行景观评估, 地质地貌景观中I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ级占比分别为2.9%, 30.5%, 44.7%, 21.9%; 陆地生物景观中I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ级占比分别为1.7%, 24.6%, 40.0%, 33.7%; I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ级湿地景观占比分别为12.2%, 26.7%, 52.2%, 8.9%。研究可为新疆自然景观资源的保护、利用和管理提供重要依据和参考。Abstract: In 2021, China launched the third comprehensive scientific expedition in Xinjiang to establish a natural protected area system centered around national parks and to achieve the goal of the declaration and protection of world natural heritage. Based on the natural landscape identification using the space-ground integrated technology, this study constructed an EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS model, followed by the elevation of 460 typical natural landscapes of 15 categories in Xinjiang. The results indicate that compared to traditional multi-index evaluation methods, the EWM-CRITIC-TOPSIS model can reduce the limitations of a single weighting approach by comprehensively considering various evaluation indicators, proving highly applicable to landscape assessment. The assessment of landscapes by categories reveals that grade I, II, III, and IV geological and geomorphological landscapes account for 2.9%, 30.5%, 44.7%, and 21.9%, respectively; grade I, II, III, and IV terrestrial biological landscape represent 1.7%, 24.6%, 40.0%, and 33.7%, respectively, and grade I, II, III, and IV wetland landscapes account for 12.2%, 26.7%, 52.2%, and 8.9%, respectively. This study will provide an important foundation and reference for the protection, utilization, and management of natural landscape resources in Xinjiang.
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