摘要:
基于 RS 和 GIS 技术,采用地形位指数、分布指数和土地利用程度综合指数,探讨了2002、2011两年重庆市酉阳县板溪乡不同地形梯度土地利用结构的变化特征和定量分析了土地利用程度。结果显示:建设用地、耕地和水域对地形条件的选择性较强;建设用地主要聚集在海拔<850 m、坡度<15°的区域,耕地主要聚集在海拔<1050 m 和坡度<25°的区域,5和7级地形位为制约水域分布的地形条件;2011年,灌木林地在海拔650~1250 m、坡度>15°的区域集中增加。总体上,该研究区的土地利用程度较高,但仍然存在耕地分布不合理的现象。
Abstract:
Studying land use change and its spatial expansion along the terrain gradient is of great significance for identifying the direction of land use change and its sustainable use.In this paper,a case study is conduc-ted in Banxi village,Youyang county,Chongqing City.The regional differentiation in natural conditions is quite obvious,the topographic relief is relatively great,and comprehensive and multiple karst landforms are quite developed in the area.The major aims is to study the characteristics of land use pattern in the region and provide reference for adjusting land use structure and ecologic reconstruction in similar karst areas.The land use data in 2002 and 201 1 in Banxi village are obtained by means of RS and GIS techniques,on the basic data of the topographic map(2002),land use status map (2002),SPOTS-5 remote sensing satellite images (201 1).According to the above study and terrain index,distribution index and comprehensive land use de-gree index,changes of land use pattern in 2002 and 201 1 in Banxi village of Youyang county is studied and the land use degree at that terrain gradient of the studying area is quantitatively analyzed in this paper.The results show that ,(1)the building land and cultivated land are obvious predominant at low terrain niche;the interval of the preponderant terrain niche obviously increased in woodland,and the woodland changes into u-niform distribution from clumped distribution;(2)The preponderant terrain niches of the building land,culti-vated land and water area as well as unused land generally remained stable during the study period.Accord-ing to the quantitative expression of land use degree at terrain gradient,terrain niche interval is divided into three sections,i.e.1-22,23-47,48-50,mainly representing the building land and cultivated land level, the forest land level,the barren land level,which occupies 54.23 %,40.43 % and 5.34 % of the total study area respectively.Overall,the expansion forest land enables rocky desertification at high terrain to be con-trolled to some extent.In order to realize reforestation and ecological environment improvement quickly, dominant tree species at scrublands should be fostered and economic forest trees should be inter-planted in still preserved slope cropland focuses in 201 1.
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