Delineation of areas with high geological background values of heavy metals in soils in Yunnan Province, China based on geological big data technology
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摘要: 为系统研究云南省土壤重金属地质高背景区的分布范围及超标元素, 以全省1∶20万水系沉积物重金属元素含量数据和区域地质图为基础, 采用GIS空间分析功能, 并利用昆明、玉溪、昭通等地区的土壤重金属数据进行验证, 确定云南省土壤重金属含量值超农用地筛选值的地质单元61个, 占全省国土面积的21.09%, 其中位于地质高背景区的耕地面积约284.41万公顷, 占全省国土面积的7.22%; 影响土壤重金属超标的岩性主要为碳酸盐岩、基性—超基性火山岩、中基性侵入岩、含煤碎屑岩和含基性组分碎屑岩; 地质高背景区超标重金属元素主要为Cu、Cr、Ni、Cd, 而As主要于碳酸盐岩地层中存在超标风险, Pb、Zn仅于个别地层中存在超标风险, Hg基本无超标风险。
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关键词:
- 土壤重金属 /
- 地质高背景区 /
- 地质大数据 /
- 30米全球地表覆盖数据 /
- 云南省
Abstract: This study aims to systematically investigate the distribution and over-limit elements of areas with high geological background values of heavy metals in soils in Yunnan Province. GIS spatial analysis was conducted based on the heavy metal content data from a province-wide 1∶200, 000 stream sediment survey and the regional geological map. The analysis results were validated using the data of heavy metals in soils in Kunming, Yuxi, Zhaotong, and other regions. A total of 61 geological units were identified, with heavy metal content in soils exceeding the screening values of agricultural land, accounting for 21.09% of the total land area of Yunnan. The cultivated land in high geological background areas covers an area of approximately 2.844 1 million hectares, accounting for 7.22% of the total land area of Yunnan. The lithologies that cause over-limit heavy metals in soils primarily comprise carbonate rocks, mafic-ultramafic volcanic rocks, intermediate mafic intrusive rocks, coal-bearing clastic rocks, and clastic rocks with mafic components. The over-limit heavy metal elements in high geological background areas are dominated by Cu, Cr, Ni, and Cd. In contrast, As manifests an over-limit risk mainly in carbonate rock formations, Pb and Zn only exhibit an over-limit risk in individual strata, and Hg almost shows no over-limit risk. -
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