New evidence of the new and old relationship between the Hala’alate Formation and the Aladeyikesai Formation in West Junggar: Evidence from well 424 and well 581 of Ke-Bai oilfield
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摘要:
研究目的 岩石地层组间原始接触关系是记录和佐证相邻两组地层新老关系的关键证据，也是建立和命名组级地层单位的充要条件。西准噶尔包古图地层小区晚石炭世的哈拉阿拉特组与阿腊德依克赛组自建组以来接触关系不明，新老关素不清。
研究方法 本次于建组剖面南邻的克拉玛依−百口泉油田（克−百油田）424井、581井石炭系岩心中识别出2套岩性截然、易识别、易区别的（上）海相细碎屑岩/（下）火山角砾岩沉积建造，岩心记录及测井电性资料均证实二者为整合接触。上、下2套地层分别与哈山一带建组剖面阿腊德依克赛组下碎屑岩段层位和哈拉阿拉特组之顶部层位可对比。
研究结果 于2井海相细碎屑岩中获得了Noeggerathiopsidozonotriletes－Protohaploxypinus－Hamiapollenites等Moscovian期孢粉组合，且该套细碎屑岩整合于锆石U−Pb年龄为306.2±5.8 Ma的火山岩之上，结合哈山一带露头区该组火山岩锆石U−Pb年龄集中于303~295 Ma，故阿腊德依克赛组主体时代置于上石炭统Gzhelian阶。
结论 结合前人在581井东邻多井火山岩中获得的310.5 Ma的锆石U−Pb年龄，将这套以火山岩为主的哈拉阿拉特组置于上石炭统Kasimovian-Moscovian阶。该研究佐证了2组地层原始整合接触关系明确，新老关系清楚，也为石炭系的建造序列与沉积盆地演化提供了新资料。
Abstract:Objective The original contact relationship between lithostratigraphic groups is the key evidence to record and prove the relationship between the two adjacent lithostratigraphic units, and is also the necessary and sufficient condition to establish and name the stratigraphic units. Since the formation of the Late Carboniferous Hala’alate formations and the Aladeyikesai in the Baogutu stratigraphic area of West Junggar, it is believed that "the lithostratigraphic units contact relationship is unclear ".
Methods We have identified two sets of sedimentary formations with distinct lithology, which are easy to identify and distinguish. Both of them are from the core of the Carboniferous system of well 424 and well 581 of Ke−Bai oilfield, which are adjacent to the south of the type section, and are mainly composed of "(upper) marine fine clastic rock/(lower) volcanic breccia". The core records and logging electrical datas confirm that the two formations are conformable contact. The upper and lower sets of strata can be compared with the lower clastic rock section of the Aladeyikesai Formation and the top section of the Hala’alate Formation from the type section of the Hashan area.
Results Moscovian sporopollen assemblages from marine fine clastic rocks of two wells were obtained, such as Noeggerathiopsidozonotriletes−Protohaploxypinus−Hamiapollenites; this fine clastic rocks were conformable contact by the volcanic rocks with the zircon U−Pb age of 306.2±5.8 Ma. Combined with the zircon U−Pb ages (303~295 Ma) of the volcanic rocks in this formation in Hashan region, the main body of the Aladeyikesai Formation is placed in the Gzhelian Stage of the Upper Carboniferous.
Conclusions Combined with the 310.5 Ma zircon U−Pb age obtained in the volcanic rocks of the adjacent wells in the east of well 581, this volcanic−dominated Hala’alate Formation is placed in Kasimovian−Moscovian Stage of the Upper Carboniferous. The clear original conformable contact relationship support the old−new relations between the two stratigraphic units, and also provide new data for the formation sedimentary sequence and sedimentary basin evolution of the Carboniferous.
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图 1 中亚造山带构造位置简图（a，据Jahn et al., 2000）、准噶尔盆地西北缘地质简图（b）及克拉玛依－哈山一带区域地质图（c）
Figure 1.
图 5 克84井3025~3029 m井深气孔杏仁状玄武岩样品（K84-1-10TW）锆石阴极发光图像（a）、锆石球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线图（b，标准化值据Sun et al., 1989）、锆石年龄谐和图（c）和年龄分布直方图（d）
Figure 5.
表 1 包古图地层小区石炭系岩石地层单位划分方案与对比标志
Table 1. Division and comparison of Carboniferous litho-tratigraphic units in the Baogutu stratigraphic area
组名 岩石组合及划分与对比标志 时代依据（李永军等，2021） 佳木河组
P1jm陆相磨拉石建造，区域性角度不整合超覆于阿腊德依克赛组之上
（李永军等，2016）Paracalamites stenocostatus, Lepidodendrales
（李永军等，2016）阿腊德依克
赛组C2al“下陆源碎屑岩-上火山岩”层序（下段以正常沉积岩为主，上段以火山岩为主）。因后期断层破坏，建组剖面及地表露头区与哈拉阿拉特组原始接触关系不明，新老关系不清（彭湘萍等，2016） Athyris circularis，Roemeriporellajunggarensis， Linoproductuscora，Neospiriferfasciger；
LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Pb年龄303~295 Ma哈拉阿拉
特组C2h下部（C2h1~3）以气孔状玄武岩为主，向上见安山岩，上部（C2h4~7）以玄武质角砾岩、集块岩为主。以深灰色、灰绿色区别于暗红色、紫红色调的成吉思汗山组。本组与包古图组、希贝库拉斯组的区别是层序上总体下熔岩上火山碎屑岩；火山喷发旋回极为发育有别于成吉思汗山组火山岩；与下伏整合接触（李甘雨等，2015，2016，2017；李永军等，2021） Balakhoniasilimica sp.，Kotorginella tentoria，Stenoscismamazhalaica， Rhomobopora sp.
Declinognathodus cf. noduliferous；
锆石U−Pb年龄309~304 Ma成吉思汗
山组C2c宏观露头以“暗红色、紫褐色”色调最为特色，正常沉积的细、粗碎屑岩均有发现。本组有别于包古图组、希贝库拉斯组的一个重要特征是灰岩层相对较厚，产出较稳定，且多有生物化石，火山岩相对较发育，岩性以玄武岩为主；与下伏为角度不整合接触（向坤鹏等，2013） Choristites sp.，Pseudotimania sp.； LA−ICP−MS
锆石U−Pb年龄319~310 Ma希贝库拉
斯组C1x以粗碎屑类为主，主要岩石组合为岩屑粗砂岩、含砾粗岩、含砾凝灰质砂岩，局地见细砾岩，偶见砾岩夹层或砾岩透镜体，本组区别于包古图组的主要标志是“粗”并且“三无”（无火山熔岩、无灰岩、无硅质岩）；与下伏整合接触
（孙羽等，2014）碎屑锆石年龄最年轻322 Ma 包古图组
C1b以细碎屑岩为主，有别于区内其他各组重要标志，主要岩石组合为粉砂岩、细砂岩、凝灰岩，基本层多为厘米级小层序，火山熔岩（以（玄武）安山岩为主，局地有玄武岩）硅质岩、灰岩均呈夹层状产于包古图组内；与下伏上泥盆统红山梁组整合接触（郭丽爽等，2010；李永军等，2024） Gigantoproductus cf. edelburgensis，Linoproductuspraelongatus， Asterpylorus sp.，Rotiphyllumsokolovi
LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Pb年龄346~328 Ma
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表 2 克84井气孔杏仁状玄武岩（K84-1-10TW）LA−ICP−MS锆石U−Th−Pb分析结果
Table 2. LA−ICP−MS zircon U− Th−Pb analysis resultsof vesicular amygdaloid basalts in well Ke 84
样号同位素比值 同位素年龄/Ma 含量/10−6 Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ Pb206/U238 1σ Pb Th U 01 0.0521 0.0013 0.3441 0.0078 0.0479 0.0009 290 55 300 5.9 302 5.5 74.9 184.8 398.1 0.46 02 0.0541 0.0020 0.3514 0.0123 0.0471 0.0010 375 82 305 9.3 297 6.0 77.6 580.0 393.4 1.47 03 0.0534 0.0012 0.3542 0.0071 0.0481 0.0009 344 49 308 5.3 303 5.4 95.5 501.4 466.4 1.07 04 0.0522 0.0012 0.3532 0.0075 0.0491 0.0009 296 52 307 5.6 309 5.5 46.4 63.4 226.7 0.28 05 0.0543 0.0014 0.3765 0.0091 0.0503 0.0009 385 58 325 6.7 316 5.7 120.5 302.1 514.3 0.59 06 0.0527 0.0014 0.3475 0.0085 0.0479 0.0009 314 60 303 6.4 301 5.4 29.0 60.5 134.0 0.45 07 0.0506 0.0019 0.3453 0.0119 0.0495 0.0010 221 83 301 9.0 312 6.1 14.3 49.3 63.3 0.78 08 0.0524 0.0013 0.3494 0.0081 0.0484 0.0009 303 57 304 6.1 304 5.4 48.1 268.1 220.3 1.22 09 0.0544 0.0015 0.3775 0.0098 0.0503 0.0009 389 62 325 7.2 316 5.8 30.8 82.21 143.4 0.57 10 0.0527 0.0011 0.3642 0.0068 0.0501 0.0009 315 48 315 5.1 315 5.4 138.1 633.1 575.3 1.10 11 0.0531 0.0027 0.3570 0.0168 0.0487 0.0011 334 109 310 12.5 307 6.9 12.9 15.9 57.6 0.28 12 0.0547 0.0016 0.3730 0.0102 0.0495 0.0009 400 65 322 7.5 311 5.7 126.2 607.7 594.0 1.02
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