Pb-Zn Mineralization in Kuergasheng Pb-Zn Deposit, Xinjiang: Constraints from In-situ Micro Composition of Quartz and Sphalerite

LI Lailong; ZHANG Yongmei; GU Xuexiang; LIU Chenyu; ZHANG Yingshuai

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2023174

Pb-Zn Mineralization in Kuergasheng Pb-Zn Deposit, Xinjiang: Constraints from In-situ Micro Composition of Quartz and Sphalerite

1.
1 1. 中国地质大学（北京）地球科学与资源学院，北京　100083

1.
1 ¹School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

2.
2 2. 中国地质大学（北京）地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室，北京　100083

2.
2 ²State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) , Beijing 100083, China

3.
3 3. 中国石化江汉油田，湖北潜江　433100

3.
3 ³Sinopec Jianghan Oilfield, Qianjiang 433100, Hubei, China

Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（42130804），国家重点研发计划深地资源勘查开采重点专项（2018YFC0604003），大学生创新创业训练项目“新疆西天山阿希金矿床的石英结构和微区成分研究”（X202211415297）联合资助。

Received Date: 15 December 2022

Revised Date: 29 July 2023

Accepted Date: 06 September 2023

Publish Date: 20 June 2024

摘要

Abstract:
The Kuergasheng Pb-Zn deposit, located in the Serimu area of the western Tianshan of Xinjiang, is a hydrothermal vein-type Pb-Zn deposit formed in the extensional environment of the plate. The ore body is veined, reticulated and lenticular in the upper subgroup of the Upper Devonian Toskurtau Formation, and is controlled by three north-west fault zones that are spread in parallel with each other. The mineralization process can be divided into three stages: the pre-ore quartz stage (I), the quartz-polymetallic sulphides stage (II) (main mineralization stage) and the calcite stage (III). In this study, the LA-ICP-MS method was used to analyze quartz and sphalerite at different stages of mineralization. The results showed that: (1) The Quartz in the I and II stages of the Kuergasheng Pb-Zn ore area contained more trace elements. Among them, Al, K, Na and Li are mainly enriched. The mass fractions of Al, K, Na and Li varied from 547.56×10⁻⁶～4355.49×10⁻⁶, 9.41×10⁻⁶～626.66×10⁻⁶, 23.78×10⁻⁶～994.40×10⁻⁶, and 43.37×10⁻⁶～265.52×10⁻⁶, respectively, showing a significant linear positive correlation between Al and Li+Na+K. The contents of Ti and Ge were low, and the contents of Ti and Ge varied from 3.17×10⁻⁶～14.05×10⁻⁶, and 1.77×10⁻⁶～6.50×10⁻⁶, respectively, reflecting the low mineralization temperature. Compared with the world's typical porphyry-type and epithermal Pb-Zn deposits, the quartz trace elements characteristics of the Kuergasheng Pb-Zn deposit are more similar to the epithermal Pb-Zn deposits. (2) The content and ratio of trace elements such as Mn, In, Fe, Ga, Ge in sphalerite indicate that the deposit was formed in a medium to low temperature environment, and the mineralization temperature was further limited to be 122～178 ℃ by using sphalerite GGIMFis thermometer. The Ga/In ratio and lnw(Ga)-lnw(In) characteristics indicate that the formation of sphalerite is related to sedimentation. Combining the trace element characteristics of host rock with the previous Pb isotopic data, it is speculated that the ore-forming materials of the Kuergasheng Pb-Zn deposit were mainly derived from the host rock.

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成矿阶段	样品号	Li	Na	Al	P	K	Ca	Ti	Fe	Ge	Rb	Sr	Sb	Ba
Ⅰ阶段	19KE001-17-1	183	428	3567	10.9	446	318	9.33	18.4	3.66	2.08	5.82	11.9	14.4
	19KE001-17-2	161	408	3053	28.0	433	370	8.05	22.1	3.66	1.60	4.25	10.6	8.78
	19KE001-17-3	194	469	3743	31.8	627	456	9.26	12.7	3.72	1.65	3.92	12.2	9.31
	19KE001-17-4	224	635	3874	34.8	436	497	14.0	83.1	4.18	1.89	3.36	9.41	9.16
	19KE001-17-5	209	455	3547	45.4	404	341	8.63	14.1	4.08	1.65	4.76	10.4	11.1
	19KE001-17-6	232	368	3528	37.6	355	803	7.18	22.3	4.58	1.43	3.97	10.5	9.81
	19KE001-17-7	196	263	3741	36.4	520	708	10.3	65.5	4.41	2.68	2.34	11.1	6.21
	19KE001-17-8	158	683	2993	44.8	468	566	8.84	15.0	4.99	1.17	3.92	11.0	7.57
	19KE001-17-9	212	451	3148	67.1	529	414	9.59	51.5	5.50	1.85	4.02	8.28	8.16
	19KE001-17-10	197	387	2933	9.80	239	732	8.86	14.5	4.43	0.57	2.01	9.84	3.95
	19KE001-17-11	181	389	2872	35.6	285	467	8.20	8.20	4.77	1.27	3.94	10.0	8.85
	19KE001-17-12	118	473	2876	30.8	393	478	9.77	4.65	6.49	0.72	2.36	9.79	4.37
	19KE001-17-13	144	337	2288	36.9	487	468	6.21	53.8	4.11	1.62	3.23	4.20	5.61
	19KE001-17-14	172	365	2544	35.8	341	801	8.80	41.4	5.38	0.87	2.27	5.57	3.98
	19KE001-17-15	121	228	1897	46.9	112	787	6.14	2.76	3.81	0.38	1.98	5.67	4.73
	19KE001-17-16	108	356	1972	30.9	202	524	5.74	9.06	3.85	0.71	2.78	6.83	7.37
Ⅱ阶段	19KE001-19-1	149	136	1488	42.6	62.1	821	4.25	55.1	2.95	0.26	1.41	2.87	3.13
	19KE001-19-2	119	131	1241	20.5	48.5	633	6.10	30.1	3.17	0.23	1.08	3.92	4.13
	19KE001-19-3	43.4	60.1	548	9.74	15.1	686	3.45	4.21	2.47	0.02	0.46	0.93	1.16
	19KE001-19-4	220	136	2471	43.6	104	693	6.44	4.48	4.87	0.28	0.72	6.34	1.86
	19KE001-19-5	136	151	1605	31.4	136	761	6.71	289	4.21	0.64	1.65	3.53	4.93
	19KE001-19-6	83.0	299	1567	22.6	99.8	930	3.93	4.88	2.78	0.40	1.88	3.53	3.77
	19KE001-19-7	207	297	2600	40.1	164	627	7.89	1.88	6.50	0.52	2.11	8.00	4.90
	19KE001-19-8	103	106	1233	20.6	41.3	721	11.1	124	3.53	0.17	1.18	2.97	2.49
	19KE001-19-9	186	196	2289	33.9	152	873	10.6	275	5.10	0.73	1.46	7.44	3.94
	19KE001-19-10	113	47.8	1454	48.3	10.8	672	3.84	13.5	4.05	0.03	0.26	4.23	0.69
	19KE001-19-11	51.5	42.9	665	10.9	26.3	834	3.45	95.5	2.79	0.02	0.29	1.51	1.06
	19KE001-19-12	87.3	23.8	1132	18.1	9.41	941	7.46	291	4.09	0.06	0.23	2.13	0.65
	19KE001-19-13	76.8	55.9	897	22.3	21.7	863	3.17	461	2.72	0.06	0.72	2.48	2.18
	19KE-4-1	266	994	4239	12.4	47.4	655	8.54	1.34	5.72	0.18	11.7	17.3	9.98
	19KE-4-2	181	589	3142	27.8	106	906	8.57	0.72	4.12	0.63	6.51	12.6	12.2
	19KE-4-3	116	914	4355	0.84	391	705	10.8	402	4.07	0.70	7.83	18.3	13.3
	19KE-4-4	102	293	2198	45.9	355	727	3.89	23.3	2.37	1.12	13.0	6.84	13.8
	19KE-4-5	209	432	3363	34.9	121	661	9.03	16.3	4.73	0.52	8.03	10.0	4.95
	19KE-4-6	88.6	985	3113	22.6	137	793	10.2	6.36	4.06	0.52	3.62	9.18	5.52
	19KE-4-7	147	296	2319	67.5	113	489	10.4	2.18	3.43	0.40	3.06	7.85	6.74
	19KE-4-8	99.0	751	2409	17.7	83.6	779	7.24	14.2	4.64	0.38	11.2	7.54	9.89
	19KE-4-9	62.0	247	1460	59.3	247	483	3.51	19.8	1.83	1.05	4.97	3.10	9.14
	19KE-4-10	121	327	2678	33.8	352	851	4.43	36.9	2.71	1.27	7.00	13.1	13.5
	19KE-4-11	77.3	254	1553	57.0	197	538	4.71	8.14	1.77	0.70	5.41	7.07	9.24
	19KE-4-12	105	542	2195	35.0	303	440	4.53	19.1	2.79	0.96	9.92	11.0	15.3
	19KE-4-13	50.9	357	2032	52.3	573	755	5.09	93.6	2.32	2.62	8.87	5.19	11.0

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样品号	Mn	Co	Cu	Ga	Ge	Se	Ag	Cd	In	Sn	Fe	Zn
19KE001-18-1	27.7	16.6	196	300	13.6	＜9.59	0.76	8.22	9.15	918	1.20	59.9
19KE001-18-2	28.1	13.3	39.3	18.8	＜6.66	12.7	0.58	59.3	＜3.43	1042	1.56	67.4
19KE001-18-3	45.8	31.6	424	335	41.2	226	＜0.20	8.53	12.1	1349	1.72	52.4
19KE001-18-4	12.0	11.9	404	243	41.9	＜6.17	0.21	11.6	9.34	1085	1.18	66.3
19KE001-18-5	17.9	19.8	526	186	38.4	7.50	＜0.06	28.5	24.2	1360	1.47	68.0
19KE001-18-6	17.1	12.1	262	61.9	55.2	＜4.07	0.07	7.34	7.76	1128	1.48	69.5
注：Fe、Zn含量为%，其他元素含量为10⁻⁶。

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地层	样号	岩性	Mn	Ti	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cr	Co	Ba	Be
D₃t^b	KB-2	凝灰质粉砂岩	174	4294	32.7	30.7	133	69.8	13.4	670	2.82
	KB-5	凝灰质粉砂岩	163	3504	24.8	22.7	84.1	57.2	14.4	466	2.05
	KB-14	凝灰质粉砂岩	194	3005	25.7	33.6	474	46.0	10.0	426	1.88
	KB-28	凝灰质粉砂岩	418	2303	80.1	21.9	899	51.2	11.1	276	1.33
	KB-10	岩屑砂岩	1149	3646	25.1	24.5	210	54.6	10.0	323	1.71
	KB-18	岩屑砂岩	604	2544	26.1	32.2	688	49.4	11.9	301	1.38
	KB-21	岩屑砂岩	331	3812	41.8	61.6	529	63.6	13.5	419	1.72
	KB-3	细砂岩	432	2713	23.7	21.0	104	48.2	11.4	389	1.51
	KB-4	细砂岩	331	2625	25.2	20.5	90.1	49.0	10.4	485	1.39
	KB-9	细砂岩	551	2692	23.4	29.8	117	46.0	8.66	298	1.32
	KB-12	细砂岩	509	2838	29.9	23.8	177	47.8	9.64	391	1.51
	KB-15	细砂岩	360	2425	24.0	20.4	261	45.8	12.1	272	1.26
	KB-17	细砂岩	444	2569	26.3	24.6	138	49.7	10.8	360	1.36
	KB-26	细砂岩	457	2795	67.9	23.0	246	62.2	13.5	348	1.61
注：数据来源于戴玉林，1994。

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Pb-Zn Mineralization in Kuergasheng Pb-Zn Deposit, Xinjiang: Constraints from In-situ Micro Composition of Quartz and Sphalerite

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