Geological Structural Characteristics and Ore-controlling Structures of the West 509-Daoban Li Deposit, Hetian, Xinjiang
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摘要:
509道班西锂矿位于西昆仑–喀喇昆仑山脉东段，特提斯构造域北缘，是最近认定的超大型伟晶岩型锂矿。通过对矿区地质构造及控矿构造的研究，厘清了该矿区的构造特征及构造控矿模式。该矿床出露在三叠系巴彦喀拉山群浅变质碎屑岩中，处于大红柳滩–郭扎错断裂与奇台达板断裂之间，矿区内及其周边岩浆岩较发育，受断裂构造控制，主构造方向呈NW–SE向。结合区域演化事件，对构造–岩浆控矿模式展开研究发现，矿体形成、就位及后期改造主要受三期构造控制。①成矿期前：受二叠纪—三叠纪NE–SW向构造挤压应力影响，地层形成韧性逆冲走滑断层，为矿体运移就位提供了空间。②成矿期：晚三叠世末期岩浆岩侵位伴生形成的一系列张裂隙（节理）为含矿岩浆热液运移与矿质富集提供了有利空间，形成超大型锂矿。③成矿期后，白垩纪—第四纪受印度洋板块与亚欧板块碰撞影响，矿区内发育脆性破矿构造，矿体受到有限破坏。这些认识对矿区外围及深部找矿工作具有重要的指导意义。
Abstract:The west 509-Daoban Li deposit is located in the eastern section of the West Kunlun and karakunlun mountain ranges, at the northern edge of the Tethys tectonic domain, and is a newly identified ultra-large pegmatitic Li deposit. Through the study of the geological structure and ore-control structure of the mine area, the tectonic features and ore-control pattern of the mine area have been clarified. The deposit is exposed in the shallow metamorphic clastic rocks of the Triassic Bayankhara Mountain Group, and is located between the Dahongliutan-Guozhazhong Fault and the Qitai Daban Fault, with the magmatic rocks in and around the mine area being more developed and controlled by fracture structures, with the main tectonic direction being NW-SE. Combined with the regional evolutionary events, the study of tectonic-magmatic ore-control model reveals that the formation, seating of the ore body and its later transformation are mainly controlled by three phases of tectonics. ① Pre-Mineralization: The Permian-Triassic NE-SW directional extrusion formed a ductile retrograde slip fault, which provided space for the ore body to be transported into position. ② Ore-forming period: A series of tensional fissures (joints) formed at the end of the Late Triassic with the intrusion of magmatic rocks provided favorable space for hydrothermal transport and mineral enrichment of mineral-bearing magma, resulting in the formation of mega lithium ore. ③ After the metallogenic period, the ore body was limitedly damaged by the impact of the collision between the Indian Ocean plate and the Asian-European plate in the Cretaceous-Quaternary period, and brittle ore-breaking structures were developed in the mine area. These understandings are of great significance in guiding the search for mineralization at the periphery and depth of the mine.
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Key words:
- tectonic geology /
- pegmatites /
- ore control structures /
- West 509-Daoban /
- West Kunlun
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