黔中地区二叠系稀土富集层的发现及意义

胡歆睿; 何犇; 胡荣; 唐佐其; 谯常

doi:10.12401/j.nwg.2025022

黔中地区二叠系稀土富集层的发现及意义

1.
贵州省地质调查院，贵州贵阳　550081

2.
自然资源部基岩区矿产资源勘查工程技术创新中心，贵州贵阳　550081

基金项目: 贵州省地质矿产开发局科研项目“黔中地区石炭系九架炉组顶、底板沉积特征及与含铝岩系耦合关系研究（以修文-清镇矿区为例）”（黔地矿科合〔2024〕8 号、黔地矿科合〔2024〕TD004）资助。

详细信息

作者简介: 胡歆睿（1987−），男，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事区域矿产地质调查工作。E−mail：434920082@qq.com

通讯作者: 何犇（1991−），男，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事区域矿产地质调查工作，E−mail：495851830@qq.com。

中图分类号: P622

收稿日期: 2024-12-17

修回日期: 2025-02-18

录用日期: 2025-03-05

刊出日期: 2025-08-20

The Discovery and Significance of Permian Emishan Basalt Formation and Rare Earth Enrichment Layer in Central Guizhou

1.
Guizhou Geological Survey, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, China

2.
Innovation Center of Ore Resources Exploration Technology in the Region of Bedrock, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, China

More Information

Corresponding author: HE Ben, 495851830@qq.com

Received Date: 17 December 2024

Revised Date: 18 February 2025

Accepted Date: 05 March 2025

Publish Date: 20 August 2025

摘要

摘要:
在开展“贵州1∶5万息烽幅矿产地质调查”项目工作过程中，笔者在该幅西部旗山地区新填绘出峨眉山玄武岩组和稀土矿化点，并对其上覆地层龙潭组底部假整合面附近地层实施了大比例尺剖面测量和刻槽取样，并对采集样品进行稀土分量和稀土氧化物总量分析。研究结果显示，研究剖面下部可采厚度1 m，加权平均为0.29%，矿化系数3.63；中部可采厚度1.4 m，稀土氧化物总量0.09%，矿化系数1.125；上部可采厚度1 m，加权平均为0.09%，矿化系数1.125。整体均具有进一步调查评价的价值，下部1 m潜力最大。该发现扩大了玄武岩风化壳的找矿范围，为黔中地区对区域寻找同类型矿产资源提供了找矿方向，为峨眉山大火成岩省表生/次生成矿作用研究提供了示范案例。
- 稀土富集 /
- 二叠系 /
- 龙潭组 /
- 峨眉山玄武岩组 /
- 黔中地区
Abstract:
During the implementation of the "1∶50,000 Geological Survey of the Xifeng Mining Area in Guizhou" project, the Emei Mountain Basalt Formation and rare earth mineralization sites was newly identified by the author in the Qishan region, situated to the west of Xifeng. Extensive profiling and channel sampling were conducted on the strata near the bottom false conformity of the overlying Longtan Formation. Subsequently, the rare earth elements and total rare earth oxides in the collected samples were analyzed. The results indicate that the lower section exhibits a mineable thickness of 1 m, with a weighted average of 0.29% and a mineralization coefficient of 3.63. The central section has a mineable thickness of 1.4 m, a total rare earth oxide content of 0.09%, and a mineralization coefficient of 1.125. The upper section features a mineable thickness of 1 m, a weighted average of 0.09%, and a mineralization coefficient of 1.125. All these sections warrant further investigation, with the lower 1 m section showing the greatest potential. This discovery not only broadens the exploration scope for basalt weathering crusts but also provides a direction for prospecting similar mineral resources in central Guizhou. Furthermore, it offers a valuable case study and research subject for investigating epigenetic/secondary mineralization within the Emeishan Large Igneous Province.
- rare earth enrichment /
- Permian /
- Longtan Formation /
- Emeishan basalt Formation /
- Central Guizhou region

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图 1 川滇黔相邻区稀土矿床（点）分布简图（据龚大兴等，2023修）

Figure 1.

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图 2 研究区大地构造位置图（a）和地质简图（b）

Figure 2.

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图 3 峨眉山玄武岩外观

Figure 3.

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图 4 PM406峨眉山玄武岩组实测剖面柱状图

Figure 4.

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图 5 息烽县旗山剖面示意图

Figure 5.

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图 6 旗山剖面宏观特征

Figure 6.

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图 7 贵州息烽旗山剖面稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图（峨眉山玄武岩稀土元素数引自文献廖宝丽等，2013）

Figure 7.

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表 1 贵州息烽县旗山剖面稀土元素（10⁻⁶）分析结果及相关参数

Table 1. The analysis results and related parameters of rare earth elements(10⁻⁶) in the Qishan Profile, Xifeng County, Guizhou Province

样品号	H0	H1	H2	H3	H4	H5	平均值
La	679.70	231.00	119.70	126.00	88.64	116.50	226.92
Ce	1461.00	494.40	282.30	325.70	179.60	252.30	499.22
Pr	174.90	55.72	32.05	40.67	22.42	29.52	59.21
Nd	627.00	224.60	118.20	159.60	83.42	103.80	219.44
Sm	131.50	43.77	20.80	29.26	13.47	14.60	42.23
Eu	26.39	9.51	3.34	4.14	2.36	2.56	8.05
Gd	110.60	40.66	19.58	22.95	13.00	15.02	36.97
Tb	20.08	6.67	3.52	3.72	2.30	2.65	6.49
Dy	101.40	32.48	19.70	18.40	12.42	15.11	33.25
Ho	19.27	5.51	4.29	3.74	2.45	3.04	6.38
Er	55.41	13.87	13.17	11.43	6.80	8.85	18.25
Tm	8.58	1.90	2.25	1.88	1.04	1.43	2.85
Yb	49.39	10.61	13.06	11.07	5.80	8.21	16.36
Lu	6.59	1.31	1.87	1.55	0.79	1.12	2.20
ΣREE	3471.81	1172.01	653.82	760.10	434.51	574.70	1177.82
LREE	3100.49	1059.00	576.39	685.37	389.91	519.28	1055.07
HREE	371.32	113.01	77.44	74.74	44.60	55.42	122.75
L/H	8.35	9.37	7.44	9.17	8.74	9.37	8.74
δCe	1.01	1.04	1.09	1.08	0.96	1.02	1.03
δEu	0.71	0.73	0.54	0.52	0.58	0.56	0.61
TREO	4746.42	1567.46	934.50	1029.44	609.98	784.26	1612.01
注：L/H为轻、重稀土含量的比值；δCe=Ce_N/（La_N×Pr_N）^1/2；δEu=Eu_N/（Sm_N×Gd_N）^1/2；球粒陨石值据文献 Sun et al., 1989。

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表 2 稀土元素数据分析结果对比表（10⁻⁶）

Table 2. Comparative table of rare earth element data analysis results (10⁻⁶)

参数	水城–纳雍地区①	威宁地区②	赫章地区③	峨眉山玄武岩④	息烽地区（本次研究）
ΣREE	556	4272	557	281	1178
LREE	496	3737	513	253	1055
HREE	60	535	45	28	123
L/H	8.27	8.15	11.40	9.05	8.60
δEu	0.70	0.31	0.77	1.10	0.61
注：①引自文献衮民汕等，2021，峨眉山玄武岩之上44个样品平均值；②引自文献陈智等，2017，峨眉山玄武岩之上7个样品平均值；③引自文献罗香建等，2023，峨眉山玄武岩之上21个样品平均值；④引自文献毛德明等，1992

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表 3 贵州息烽县旗山剖面稀土富集层不同岩性稀土氧化物总量统计表

Table 3. Statistical table of total rare earth oxides of different lithologies in Qishan section of Xifeng County, Guizhou Province

样品号	岩性	可采厚度（m）	稀土氧化物总量（10⁻²）		矿化系数（样品稀土氧化物总量/ 最低工业品位）
样品号	岩性	可采厚度（m）	含量区间	加权平均	矿化系数（样品稀土氧化物总量/ 最低工业品位）
H0	灰绿色、深灰色薄–中层状黏土岩	1	0.16~0.48	0.29	3.625
H1	灰绿色、深灰色薄–中层状黏土岩	1	0.16~0.48	0.29	3.625
H2	灰白色、白色薄层在黏土岩	1.4	0.09	0.09	1.125
H3	灰白色、灰色、灰绿色、灰黑色极薄–薄层状黏土岩	1	0.06~0.10	0.09	1.125
H4
H5

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