Current Status and Prospects of Geophysical Exploration of Magmatic Cu-Ni Sulfide Deposits in Northern Xinjiang Orogenic Belt
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摘要:
新疆北部造山带内产出的岩浆型铜镍矿床是中国西北地区重要的铜镍资源基地。在岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的地球物理勘查过程中，总结建立了高磁化率、高重力、高极化率、低电阻率“三高一低”的综合地球物理找矿标志，进而指导发现和评价了一批中大型矿床。随着重要成矿带地质工作程度不断提升，岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的找矿方向逐渐转向深边部隐伏矿，对深部矿体的勘查需求明显增加。笔者结合新疆北部造山带环境岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床的地质特征，分析了区内近年来铜镍矿勘查中地球物理工作模式的现状及存在难点，针对性的探讨多项地球物理新技术应用前景，为岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床实现大深度、精细化探测目标提供新思路。
Abstract:The magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits produced in the northern orogenic belt of Xinjiang are important Cu-Ni resource bases in northwest China. In the process of geophysical exploration of magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits, comprehensive geophysical prospecting indicators of High magnetism, High weight, High polarizability, Low resistivity (Three High with One low) were summarized and established, which guided the discovery and evaluation of a number of medium and large deposits. With the continuous improvement of geological work in the mineralization zone, the exploration direction of magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits has gradually shifted to concealed and deep orebodies, and the difficulty of exploration has significantly increased. Based on the geological characteristics of magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits in northern Xinjiang, the author analyzed the current status and existing problems of geophysical exploration modes in the area in recent years, and explored the application prospects of multiple new geophysical technologies, providing new ideas for achieving deep and refined detection targets of magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits.
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表 1 新疆北部主要岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床地质-地球物理特征一览表
Table 1. List of geological and geophysical characteristics of major magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposits in Northern Xinjiang
岩体名称 矿床规模 平面形态及面积（km2） 矿体赋存
位置围岩类型 勘探深度 地球物理特征 资料来源 喀拉通克 超大型 纺锤形；1.7 岩体中心或中下部 石炭系南明水组 ＞ 1000 m航磁异常为孤立等轴状高磁异常，极大值150 nT（隐伏岩体幅值＜100 nT）；剩余重力异常0.1～0.2 mGal 秦克章等，2014 黄山东 大型 扁长菱形；2.8 岩体底部 中石炭系干墩组 ＞ 1000 m航磁极大值211 nT，地磁极大值 1300 nT，剩余重力极大值1.15 mGal；含矿岩体表现为低阻高极化绍行来，2012 葫芦 中型 似葫芦状；0.75 岩体中下部和底部 下石炭统梧桐窝子组 ＜500 m 航磁极大值375 nT，地磁极大值 2224 nT，剩余重力极大值0.75 mGal；含矿岩体表现为低阻高极化夏明哲等,
2008图拉尔根 大型 透镜状；0.6 产于岩体
中部中—上石炭统火山碎屑岩 ＜700 m 航磁异常北东段＞ 1000 nT、向南东方向迅速减弱，地磁极大值2383 nT，剩余重力异常极大值1.1 mGal；含矿岩体表现为低阻高极化三金柱等, 2007 路北云海 中型 扁圆状；3.64 浅层矿；岩体底部 下石炭统小热泉子组 ＜400 m 航磁中为孤立的弱磁异常，地磁极大值约400 nT；路北区重力异常相对较低；含矿岩体表现为中阻高极化 李大海等，2018 白鑫滩 中型 纺锤状；1.5 岩体底部，呈似层状 中—下奥陶统恰干布拉克组 ＜500 m 呈现高磁、低重、高极化率、
低电阻特征韩建华等，2022 红石山 中型 菱形；5.3 岩体底部 下石炭统红柳园组 ＜500 m 地磁极大值 1356 nT，弱低重异常，含矿岩体表现为低阻高极化苏本勋等，2009 坡十 大型 椭圆状；3.2 岩体底部 古元古界敦煌岩群 ＜500 m 地磁异常极大值600 nT，强正磁异常套合重力低（−0.6 mGal）异常，激电显示低阻和较高极化率异常 秦克章等, 2012 启鑫 中型 带状；150 岩体底部 古元古界敦煌岩群 ＜500 m 航磁范围−55～195 nT，地磁−320～280 nT，弱重异常带，含矿岩体表现为低阻高
极化刘月高等, 2019 
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