Characteristics and Genetic Implications of Multiple Sulfur and Iron Isotopes in the Jinchuan Cu-Ni Deposit
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摘要:
金川铜镍矿床是中国最大的岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床。前人研究表明，金川矿床成矿过程存在较高程度的同化混染作用，但同化混染物质的源区以及促使岩浆中硫化物发生熔离的机制一直存在争议。笔者通过多硫同位素（δ34S、Δ33S）和Fe同位素（δ56Fe）联合示踪金川矿床成矿过程可能混染的地壳物质，尤其是太古宙沉积岩中S对金川矿床中硫化物熔离作用的影响。金川矿床Ⅰ、Ⅱ矿区中硫化物Δ33S值为−0.07‰～0.22‰，超出了幔源岩浆Δ33S值的参考值（−0.06‰～0.06‰），且不同于矿床围岩混合花岗岩中黄铁矿Δ33S值（−0.04‰～−0.08‰），表明金川成矿岩浆同化混染作用应发生在深部，与其直接围岩无关。Ⅰ、Ⅱ矿区中磁黄铁矿δ56Fe值为−1.07‰～−0.33‰，计算表明与硫化物熔体处于平衡的母岩浆δ56Fe值为−0.7‰，远低于正常的幔源玄武质岩浆范围。此外，正Δ33S值的矿石中磁黄铁矿通常具有很低的δ56Fe值，两者具有明显的负相关关系，表明金川母岩浆中硫化物熔离可能是由于同化混染太古宙沉积岩中黄铁矿所致。
Abstract:The Jinchuan Ni-Cu deposit is the largest magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposit in China. Previous studies shown that there is a high degree of contamination in the mineralization process of the Jinchuan deposit, but the source of the contaminating material and the mechanism that causes the sulfide melt segregation from the magma are still controversial. In this paper, we use a combination of multiple S (δ34S+Δ33S) and Fe (δ56Fe) isotopes to trace the contaminated crustal materials during the mineralization process of the Jinchuan deposit, especially the influence of sulfur in Archean sedimentary rocks on the sulfur saturation of the Jinchuan deposit. The Δ33S value of sulfide minerals in the segment Ⅰ and Ⅱ of the Jinchuan deposit is from −0.07‰ to 0.22‰, which exceeds the Δ33S value of mantle-derived magma and is completely different from the Δ33S value of pyrite (−0.04‰～−0.08‰) in the wall rock of the Jinchuan deposit, indicating that the contamination of the Jinchuan magma should occur at depth and have nothing to do with its direct wall rock. The δ56Fe value of pyrrhotite in the Jinchuan deposit is from −1.07‰ to −0.33‰. Calculations show that the δ56Fe value of Jinchuan parent magma in equilibrium with the sulfide melt is −0.7‰, which is far lower than the normal mantle-derived basaltic magma range. In addition, pyrrhotite in sulfide ores with positive Δ33S values usually has very low δ56Fe values, and Δ33S-δ56Fe values have a significant negative correlation, indicating that the sulfide segregation in the Jinchuan parent magma may be due to the contamination of pyrite in Archean sedimentary rocks.
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Key words:
- sulfide segregation /
- contamination /
- archean crustal sulfur /
- Jinchuan Ni-Cu deposit
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表 1 金川铜镍矿床中硫化物多硫同位素与Fe同位素值
Table 1. Sulfur isotope and iron isotope values of sulfides in the Jinchuan Ni-Cu deposit
样品编号 测试对象 矿区 深度（m） δ34S（‰ VCDT） error δ33S（‰VCDT） error Δ33S（‰） δ56Fe error JC9-1 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区9行 958 0.00 0.010 −0.04 0.016 −0.04 JC9-2 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区9行 958 0.02 0.013 0.02 0.016 0.00 JC9-3 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区9行 958 0.34 0.008 0.16 0.010 −0.01 −0.42 0.046 JC9-4 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区9行 958 0.30 0.008 0.12 0.016 −0.04 11-4 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区11行 978 0.73 0.022 0.33 0.026 −0.05 1078 -2Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1078 −0.32 0.012 −0.76 0.022 0.07 −0.89 0.049 1078 -6Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1078 0.69 0.012 0.34 0.024 −0.01 JC13-1 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1042 0.83 0.007 0.45 0.022 0.03 JC13-2 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1042 0.14 0.020 0.06 0.026 −0.02 JC13-3 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1042 0.39 0.009 0.15 0.007 −0.05 −0.35 0.020 JC14-1 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1042 0.10 0.006 0.02 0.016 −0.03 JC14-2 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1042 0.80 0.011 0.41 0.020 0.00 JC14-3 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1042 −0.33 0.008 −0.20 0.013 −0.03 JC14-5 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区13行 1042 −0.09 0.008 −0.10 0.025 −0.05 050713-5 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区14行 1042 −0.13 0.007 −0.24 0.011 0.00 JC25-2 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1055 0.71 0.009 0.27 0.012 −0.09 JC25-4 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1055 −0.08 0.012 −0.09 0.010 −0.05 JC25-5 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1055 0.92 0.007 0.44 0.024 −0.04 JC25-7 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1055 0.44 0.010 0.19 0.012 −0.04 JC25-9 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1055 0.91 0.016 0.42 0.020 −0.05 R25-2 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1160 −0.25 0.010 −0.12 0.011 0.01 R25-1 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1160 −0.25 0.007 −0.52 0.017 0.02 R25-3 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1160 −0.36 0.007 −1.12 0.012 0.22 −1.06 0.052 R25-7 Pn+Po+Cp II矿区25行 1160 −0.57 0.014 −1.12 0.011 0.00 5-5 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区5行 1100 −0.19 0.011 −0.15 0.015 −0.05 I-7-2 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 0.85 0.007 0.41 0.019 −0.03 I-7-3 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 0.11 0.006 0.02 0.017 −0.04 −0.43 0.028 I-7-4 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 0.68 0.011 0.31 0.009 −0.04 −0.49 0.107 I-7-5 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 −0.08 0.010 −0.08 0.018 −0.04 I-7-6 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 1.53 0.006 0.75 0.015 −0.04 I-7-7 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 0.34 0.007 0.14 0.015 −0.03 I-7-8 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 0.00 0.004 −0.05 0.016 −0.05 I-7-9 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 −0.06 0.013 −0.06 0.019 −0.03 I-7-10 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1100 0.84 0.016 0.39 0.027 −0.04 16-E3 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区7行 1220 0.35 0.011 0.38 0.020 0.15 −1.07 0.043 050712-4 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区6行 1220 −0.49 0.010 −1.19 0.011 0.12 −0.66 0.017 I-20-1 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区20行 1228 0.00 0.009 −0.04 0.014 −0.04 −0.33 0.060 I-20-2 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区20行 1228 0.28 0.009 0.11 0.020 −0.04 I-20-4 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区20行 1228 0.22 0.004 0.08 0.009 −0.03 L22-2 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区22行 1260 0.76 0.004 0.33 0.012 −0.06 L22-4 Pn+Po+Cp I矿区22行 1260 −0.19 0.006 −0.17 0.015 −0.07 JC120 Py 围岩 3.60 0.010 1.80 0.017 −0.05 JC128 Py 围岩 1.94 0.009 0.93 0.015 −0.06 JC130 Py 围岩 6.47 0.015 3.26 0.018 −0.07 JC138 Py 围岩 1.93 0.015 0.91 0.024 −0.08 JC145 Py 围岩 11.23 0.009 5.70 0.015 −0.06 JC195 Py 围岩 2.67 0.006 1.34 0.011 −0.04 
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