-
摘要:
以尼日尔某氧化铜矿为研究对象，通过化学分析、X 射线衍射分析及光学显微镜分析对原矿进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究。结果表明, 原矿含铜6.04%，其中游离氧化铜、结合氧化铜分别为65.07%、31.95%，是高结合率氧化铜矿。矿石中金属矿物以孔雀石、蓝铜矿，硅孔雀石、辉铜矿、黄铁矿、褐铁矿为主，脉石矿物包括钾长石、斜长石、石英、黑云母等，矿物成分较为复杂。原矿中的铜大部分以孔雀石和蓝铜矿的形式存在，主要嵌布在石英、长石等脉石中。论文采用“浮选-浸出”选冶联合工艺路线，经浮选后获得铜品位28.23%、回收率为56.18%的铜精矿，其尾矿直接用稀硫酸浸出，浸出率为91.15%，铜的综合回收率达到96.25%，获得了较好的回收效果。
Abstract:Taking a copper oxide ore from Niger as a research object, a detailed process mineralogical study on the raw ore was carried out by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis and optical microscope analysis. The results show that the original ore contains 6.04% copper, 65.07% of which is free copper oxide and 31.95% is bound copper oxide, respectively, which is a high binding rate copper oxide ore. The metallic minerals in the ore are mainly malachite, blue copper ore, silica malachite, pyroxene, pyrite and limonite, and the vein minerals include potassium feldspar, plagioclase, quartz and black mica, which is a complex mineral composition. Most of the copper in the original ore exists in the form of blue copper ore and malachite, and is mainly embedded in quartz, feldspar and other veinlets. The combined flotation-leaching process was proposed in the paper. After flotation, a copper concentrate with a copper grade of 28.23% and a recovery of 56.18% was obtained, and the tailings were directly leached with dilute sulfuric acid, with a leaching rate of 91.15% and a comprehensive recovery of 96.25% copper.
-
Key words:
- Niger /
- copper oxide ore /
- process mineralogy /
- combined metallurgical processing
-
-
表 1 氧化铜多元素X射线荧光分析/%
Table 1. Multi-element X-ray fluorescence analysis of copper oxide
O Na Mg Al Si P S K Ca Ti 33.73 1.92 0.96 6.42 24.31 0.03 0.28 2.93 2.32 0.02 Mn Fe Cu Zn As Rb Sr Ba Pb 0.04 4.64 7.29 0.17 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.08 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 铜物相分析结果
Table 2. Copper phase analysis results
名称 游离
氧化铜结合
氧化铜次生
硫化铜原生
硫化铜总铜 含量/% 3.93 1.93 0.16 0.02 6.04 占有率/% 65.07 31.95 2.65 0.33 100.00
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 矿石中主要矿物组成及相对含量
Table 3. Composition and relative content of main minerals in ores
矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 天青石 9.4 花岗岩碎屑 2.7 孔雀石 3.1 碳酸盐岩碎屑 3.4 褐铁矿 10.0 透闪石 3.4 斜长石 19.3 石英碎屑 0.7 钾长石 16.3 黑云母 1.8 石英 8.2 其他 21.6 合计 100.0
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 硫化浮选实验结果
Table 4. Results of the sulfide flotation test
产物 质量/g 产率/% Cu品位/% Cu 回收率/% 精矿 62.04 12.41 28.23 56.18 尾矿 437.94 87.59 3.12 43.82 总计 599.98 100.00 6.24 100.00
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 羊建波, 柳群义, 陈其慎, 等. 未来10年中国矿山铜供应能力分析[J]. 中国矿业, 2014, 23(10):1-4.YANG J B, LIU Q Y, CHEN Q S, et al. Analysis of mine copper supply capacity in China in the next 10 years[J]. China Mining Industry, 2014, 23(10):1-4. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2014.10.001
YANG J B, LIU Q Y, CHEN Q S, et al. Analysis of mine copper supply capacity in China in the next 10 years[J]. China Mining Industry, 2014, 23(10):1-4. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2014.10.001
[2] 王德英, 杨社平, 孙广周, 等. 云南某高碳氧化铜矿浮选实验研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(6):144-148.WANG D Y, YANG S P, SUN G Z, et al. Flotation test for high carbon copper oxide ore of Yunnan[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(6):144-148. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.06.024
WANG D Y, YANG S P, SUN G Z, et al. Flotation test for high carbon copper oxide ore of Yunnan[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(6):144-148. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.06.024
[3] 李向益, 王世涛, 曾茂青, 等. 云南某高碳酸盐型含银氧化铜矿中铜银同步浮选实验[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2022(2):105-110.LI X Y, WANG S T, ZENG M Q, et al. Experimental research on synchronous flotation of copper and silver in a silver-bearing copper oxide ore with high carbonate gangue from Yunnan[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022(2):105-110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.02.019
LI X Y, WANG S T, ZENG M Q, et al. Experimental research on synchronous flotation of copper and silver in a silver-bearing copper oxide ore with high carbonate gangue from Yunnan[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2022(2):105-110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2022.02.019
[4] 彭宇, 肖发新, 孙树臣, 等. 高碱性脉石低品位氧化铜矿提铜研究进展[J]. 有色金属科学与工程, 2020, 11(5):69-74.PENG Y, XIAO F X, SUN S C, et al. Research progress of copper extraction from low-grade oxidized copper ore with high alkaline gangue[J]. Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering, 2020, 11(5):69-74.
PENG Y, XIAO F X, SUN S C, et al. Research progress of copper extraction from low-grade oxidized copper ore with high alkaline gangue[J]. Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering, 2020, 11(5):69-74.
[5] 胡俊. 刚果(金)某氧化铜矿石浮选实验研究[J]. 黄金, 2021, 42(1):71-74.HU J. Experimental study on flotation of a copper oxide ore from Congo (DRC)[J]. Gold, 2021, 42(1):71-74. doi: 10.11792/hj20210115
HU J. Experimental study on flotation of a copper oxide ore from Congo (DRC)[J]. Gold, 2021, 42(1):71-74. doi: 10.11792/hj20210115
[6] 文书明. 孔雀石表面黄药吸附层稳定性实验研究[J]. 中国矿业, 2001(4):60-62+76.WEN S M. Experimental study on stability of xanthate adsorption layer on malachite surface[J]. China Mining Industry, 2001(4):60-62+76.
WEN S M. Experimental study on stability of xanthate adsorption layer on malachite surface[J]. China Mining Industry, 2001(4):60-62+76.
[7] 印万忠, 吴凯. 难选氧化铜矿选冶技术现状与展望[J]. 有色金属工程, 2013, 3(6):66-70.YIN W Z, WU K. Current status and prospect of refractory copper oxide smelting technology[J]. Nonferrous Metal Engineering, 2013, 3(6):66-70. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1744.2013.06.016
YIN W Z, WU K. Current status and prospect of refractory copper oxide smelting technology[J]. Nonferrous Metal Engineering, 2013, 3(6):66-70. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1744.2013.06.016
[8] 王万平. 氧化铜银矿中铜的高效利用及共生银的强化回收研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明理工大学, 2013.WANG W P. Study on high efficiency utilization of copper and enhanced recovery of co-occurring silver in copper oxide silver ore [D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2013.
WANG W P. Study on high efficiency utilization of copper and enhanced recovery of co-occurring silver in copper oxide silver ore [D]. Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2013.
[9] 王美丽, 丰奇成, 王涵. 氧化铜矿选冶研究现状及展望[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(4):103-109.WANG M L, FENG Q C, WANG H. Current research situation and prospect in beneficiation-metallurgy of copper oxide ores[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(4):103-109. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.04.016
WANG M L, FENG Q C, WANG H. Current research situation and prospect in beneficiation-metallurgy of copper oxide ores[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(4):103-109. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.04.016
[10] 王传龙, 于传兵, 康金星, 等. 某氧硫混合型铜矿浮选工艺研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2021(3):93-98+103.WANG C L, YU C B, KANG J X, et al. Study on flotation process of a mixed oxy-sulfur copper mine[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Beneficiation Section), 2021(3):93-98+103.
WANG C L, YU C B, KANG J X, et al. Study on flotation process of a mixed oxy-sulfur copper mine[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Beneficiation Section), 2021(3):93-98+103.
[11] 潘自维, 路良山, 张立征, 等. 新疆难处理铜矿浮选实验研究与应用[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2019(3):31-35.PAN Z W, LU L S, ZHANG L Z, et al. Experimental research and application of flotation of refractory copper ore in Xinjiang[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019(3):31-35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2019.03.007
PAN Z W, LU L S, ZHANG L Z, et al. Experimental research and application of flotation of refractory copper ore in Xinjiang[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019(3):31-35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2019.03.007
[12] 吕超, 李尔东, 乔元栋, 等. 西藏某高结合率氧化铜矿选冶联合回收实验研究[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2021(5):177-181.LYU C, LI E D, QIAO Y D, et al. Experimental study on the combined recovery of copper oxide with high binding rate in Xizang[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(5):177-181. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.05.029
LYU C, LI E D, QIAO Y D, et al. Experimental study on the combined recovery of copper oxide with high binding rate in Xizang[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2021(5):177-181. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6532.2021.05.029
[13] 张宏伟, 李忠仙, 先凤学, 等. 云南腾冲铜铁矿工艺矿物学研究[J]. 有色金属(选矿部分), 2021(3):8-14.ZHANG H W, LI Z X, XIAN F X, et al. Study on process mineralogy of Tengchong copper and iron ore in Yunnan Province[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Part), 2021(3):8-14.
ZHANG H W, LI Z X, XIAN F X, et al. Study on process mineralogy of Tengchong copper and iron ore in Yunnan Province[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mineral Processing Part), 2021(3):8-14.
-
图(7)
表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 49
- PDF下载数: 10
- 施引文献: 0