Investigation on Beneficiation of a Complex Copper-lead-zinc Polymetallic Ore in Qinghai
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摘要:
青海某铜铅锌多金属矿，矿石性质复杂，铜铅锌含量低，硫含量高，易泥化脉石含量高，选矿难度大。为实现矿石中有用矿物的高效选别回收，采用铜铅混合/分离浮选-硫浮选-锌浮选的工艺流程，在原矿含铜0.10%、铅0.31%、锌0.40%及硫21.58%的情况下，闭路实验获得了铜品位13.96%、回收率74.86%的铜精矿，硫品位38.25%、回收率90.24%的硫精矿，并富集产出铅品位17.85%、回收率78.84%的低品位铅精矿，锌品位15.45%、回收率67.75%的低品位锌精矿。实现了矿石中各有价元素的选别分离回收。
Abstract:A copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ore in Qinghai has characteristics of complex ore properties, low copper-lead-zinc content, high sulfur content, and high argillated gangue content, so it is difficult to beneficiate. In order to achieve efficient separation and high recovery of useful minerals in the ores, a separating technique with flotation flowsheet consisting of copper-lead bulk and Seperating flotation-sulfur flotation-zinc flotation was adopted. When the grades of copper, lead, zinc and sulfur in the ore are 0.10%, 0.31%, 0.40% and 21.58%, by the closed-circuit test copper concentrate grading 13.96% copper with recovery of 74.86%, a sulphur concentrate grading 38.25% sulfur with recovery of 90.24%, a low-grade lead concentrate grading 17.85% lead with recovery of 78.84%, and a low-grade zinc concentrate grading 15.45% zinc with recovery of 67.75% were obtained. The separation and recovery of valuable elements in the ore are realized.
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表 1 原矿多元素分析结果/%
Table 1. Multi-elemental analysis of the raw ore
S Fe Cu Pb Zn Ag* As C SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO K2O TiO2 Mn 21.53 39.76 0.11 0.31 0.40 7.00 0.04 1.34 14.50 4.57 6.16 0.55 0.21 0.13 0.33 *单位为g/t。 
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表 2 原矿矿物组成分析结果/%
Table 2. Mineral composition of the raw ore
磁黄铁矿 黄铁矿 闪锌矿 方铅矿 黄铜矿 毒砂 赤、褐铁矿 石英 50.76 2.21 0.69 0.50 0.32 0.09 0.72 6.25 方解石 白云石 菱铁矿 钙铁辉石 鲕绿泥石 白云母 高岭石 绿帘石 5.06 4.15 1.67 5.87 4.05 3.64 1.30 3.17 钙铁榴石 铁铝榴石 高温钠长石 钙铝榴石 铁橄榄石 黑柱石 黄玉 其他 3.43 2.18 0.65 0.73 0.40 0.84 0.97 0.35
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表 3 抑制剂种类实验结果
Table 3. Test results of inhibitor types
抑制剂种类及用量/（g/t） 产品名称 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Cu Pb S Cu Pb S 氧化钙 2 000 混合精矿 3.88 2.03 6.18 29.24 81.58 83.64 5.22 尾矿 96.12 0.02 0.05 21.42 18.42 16.36 94.78 原矿 100.00 0.10 0.29 21.72 100.00 100.00 100.00 氧化钙 1 000
亚硫酸钠 1 000混合精矿 2.51 3.18 5.54 27.45 82.97 49.31 3.19 尾矿 97.49 0.02 0.15 21.46 17.03 50.69 96.81 原矿 100.00 0.10 0.28 21.61 100.00 100.00 100.00 亚硫酸钠 2 000 混合精矿 2.35 2.02 2.22 27.18 48.36 19.56 2.96 尾矿 97.65 0.05 0.22 21.45 51.64 80.44 97.04 原矿 100.00 0.10 0.27 21.58 100.00 100.00 100.00 焦亚硫酸钠 2 000 混合精矿 5.88 0.85 0.62 35.78 51.86 13.83 9.72 尾矿 94.12 0.05 0.24 20.76 48.14 86.17 90.28 原矿 100.00 0.10 0.26 21.64 100.00 100.00 100.00
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表 4 铜铅混合精矿分离浮选实验结果
Table 4. Seperating flotation results of copper and lead bulk concentrate
产品名称 作业产率/% 品位/% 作业回收率/% Cu Pb Cu Pb 铜精矿 24.48 15.33 4.05 78.13 6.87 中矿1 4.99 4.17 9.76 4.33 3.37 中矿2 9.71 5.23 6.72 10.57 4.52 铅精矿 60.82 0.55 20.23 6.97 85.24 混合精矿 100.00 4.80 14.44 100.00 100.00
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表 5 硫酸锌用量实验结果
Table 5. Results of zinc sulfate dosage tests
硫酸锌
用量/（g/t）产品名称 作业产
率/%品位/% 作业回收率/% Zn S Zn S 0 硫粗精矿 48.81 0.26 36.87 30.67 86.58 尾矿 51.19 0.55 5.45 69.33 13.42 给矿 100.00 0.41 20.79 100.00 100.00 400 硫粗精矿 49.45 0.21 36.88 24.07 87.55 尾矿 50.55 0.63 5.13 75.93 12.45 给矿 100.00 0.43 20.83 100.00 100.00 800 硫粗精矿 50.31 0.20 36.53 23.21 87.97 尾矿 49.69 0.67 5.06 76.79 12.03 给矿 100.00 0.43 20.89 100.00 100.00 1 200 硫粗精矿 50.79 0.20 36.27 23.55 88.11 尾矿 49.21 0.67 5.05 76.45 11.89 给矿 100.00 0.43 20.91 100.00 100.00
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表 6 闭路实验结果
Table 6. Results of closed-circuit tests
产品名称 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% Cu Pb Zn S Cu Pb Zn S 铜精矿 0.54 13.96 4.03 4.20 34.98 74.86 7.12 5.72 0.88 铅精矿 1.35 0.45 17.85 0.81 35.13 6.03 78.84 2.76 2.20 硫精矿 50.91 0.02 0.06 0.13 38.25 10.62 10.16 16.68 90.24 锌精矿 1.74 0.23 0.16 15.45 33.23 3.97 0.91 67.75 2.68 尾矿 45.46 0.01 0.02 0.06 1.90 4.52 2.97 7.09 4.00 原矿 100.00 0.10 0.31 0.40 21.58 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
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