Experimental Study on the Preparation of High Purity Graphite by Alkali-acid Method
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摘要:
以黑龙江某地细鳞片石墨浮选精矿为原料进行碱酸法提纯试验，探讨了碱酸法提纯的最佳工艺条件。研究表明：在NaOH用量3.0 g（碱固比0.6：1）、焙烧温度750℃、焙烧时间40 min、浸出水用量50 mL、酸浸HCl浓度1.0 mol/L、用量40 mL、酸浸时间40 min的条件下，通过碱熔焙烧-水浸出-酸浸的工艺可将石墨固定碳含量由95.89%提升至99.94%。随着反应的进行以及物相的变化，杂质最终演变成可溶性物质，以洗涤的方式被去除；水浸出过程中保持弱碱性环境，有利于硅酸钠的溶解。
Abstract:Experiments were carried out on a fine flaky graphite flotation concentrate in Heilongjiang Provence by alkali-acid purification method. The optimum technological parameters were investigated. The results showed that under the conditions of NaOH dosage 3.0 g (ratio of alkali to solid 0.6:1), roasting temperature 750℃, roasting time 40 min, leaching water dosage 50 mL, acid leaching HCl concentration 1.0 mol/L, dosage 40 mL and acid leaching time 40 min, the fixed carbon content in graphite was increased from 95.89% to 99.94% by the process of alkali fusion roasting-water leaching-acid leaching. As the reaction proceeds and the phase changes, the impurities are eventually transformed into soluble matters and are washed with pure water. Maintaining a weak alkaline environment during water leaching is beneficial to the dissolution of sodium silicate.
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Key words:
- graphite /
- purification /
- alkali-acid method /
- sodium silicate /
- mechanism
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表 1 浮选精矿化学成分分析
Table 1. Chemical composition analysis of flotation concentrate
成分 SiO2 TiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 P2O5 MgO CaO V2O5 K2O SO3 ZnO Cl ZrO2 BaO 烧失量 固定碳 含量 0.85 0.39 0.33 0.24 0.18 0.098 0.060 0.049 0.039 0.036 0.016 0.009 0.001 0.001 97.70 95.89 注：根据GB/T 3521—2008石墨化学分析方法实验室自测固定碳含量。 
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