氧化铋从废水中除氯机理研究

周正华; 叶龙刚

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2023.01.014

氧化铋从废水中除氯机理研究

周正华¹,
叶龙刚^2,

1.
株洲冶炼集团股份有限公司, 湖南株洲 412007

2.
湖南工业大学材料与先进制造学院, 湖南株洲 412007

基金项目: 湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目（20B175）

详细信息

作者简介: 周正华（1977—），男，高级工程师，从事锌冶炼技术开发和生产管理工作

通讯作者: 叶龙刚（1986—），男，副教授，主要研究方向有色金属提取冶金。

中图分类号: TF813

收稿日期: 2022-08-20

刊出日期: 2023-02-15

Reaction Process of Circular Dechloridation by Bismuth Oxide from Wastewater

ZHOU Zhenghua¹,
YE Longgang^2,

1.
Zhuzhou Smelter Group Company Limited, Zhuzhou 412007, China

2.
College of Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China

More Information

Corresponding author: YE Longgang

Received Date: 20 August 2022

Publish Date: 15 February 2023

摘要

摘要:
氧化铋在锌冶炼中用于废水脱氯已有研究和应用，但除氯机理和边界条件仍有不明之处。在热力学计算的基础上，研究了氧化铋在酸化—吸附除氯—碱性脱氯—再生循环全流程使用中的物相和形貌转变。热力学计算结果表明，Bi³⁺-ClH₂O系在pH为0~10范围内，Cl可通过形成BiOCl沉淀除去，随着pH值的升高，Bi的物相依次从Bi³⁺向BiOCl、Bi₂O₃转变。在n(Bi)∶n(Cl)=1∶1时，溶液中最低Cl质量浓度为3.91 mg/L，而SO₄^2-的存在对氯的分布没有影响。试验研究显示，氧化铋(Bi₂O₃)在硫酸质量浓度高于和低于60 g/L酸化时分别生成硫酸铋和碱式硫酸铋，形貌也从簇状向规则棒状转变，两者均可与Cl在酸性溶液中吸附形成BiOCl沉淀，BiOCl沉淀经NaOH碱洗后再生为Bi₂O₃，可返回利用。氧化铋经10个循环后，Cl去除率仍高于90%，除氯稳定性好。
- 除氯 /
- 湿法炼锌 /
- 废水 /
- 氧化铋 /
- 酸化
Abstract:
Bismuth oxide was used for dechlorination from wastewater in zinc smelting, but the detailed dechlorination mechanism and boundary conditions are still unclear. Based on thermodynamic calculation, the phase and morphology transitions of bismuth oxide in the whole process included acidification-adsorption dechlorination - alkaline dechlorination - regeneration cycle were investigated. The thermodynamic calculations show that, in Bi³⁺-Cl-H₂O system, Cl can be removed by forming the precipitation of BiOCl in the pH range of 0~10. With the increase of pH, the main phase of Bi was transformed from Bi³⁺ to BiOCl and Bi₂O₃ in turn. When n(Bi)∶n(Cl)=1∶1, the lowest Cl concentration in the solution was 3.91 mg/L, and the presence of SO₄^2- had no effect on the chlorine distribution. Experimental studies show that bismuth oxide was changed to bismuth sulfate and basic bismuth sulfate respectively below and above 60 g/L sulfuric acid when acidified with sulfuric acid, and the morphology changed from cluster to regular rod. Both of them can adsorbed with Cl in acid solution to form BiOCl precipitation. The BiOCl can be regenerated into Bi₂O₃ after NaOH alkali washing and returned to utilization. After 10 cycles of bismuth oxide, the Cl removal rate was still higher than 90%, and the chlorination removal stability was good.
- dechloridation /
- zinc hydrometallurgy /
- wastewater /
- bismuth oxide /
- acidification

HTML全文

图 1 Bi-Cl-H₂O体系不同摩尔浓度的平衡分布

Figure 1.

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图 2 Bi₂(SO₄)₃-Cl-H₂O体系不同摩尔浓度下的平衡分布图

Figure 2.

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图 3 硫酸质量浓度对脱氯结果的影响

Figure 3.

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图 4 不同H₂SO₄质量浓度下酸化产物的XRD图(a)和(b) FTIR

Figure 4.

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图 5 不同H₂SO₄质量浓度下酸化产物的SEM图

Figure 5.

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图 6 除氯渣的表征

Figure 6.

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图 7 脱氯渣的表征

Figure 7.

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图 8 脱氯剂10次循环脱氯结果

Figure 8.

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表 1 脱氯渣的元素成分

Table 1. Element composition of the dechlorinated residue /%

元素 Bi O Si Fe Cl Ca Zn Pb Al

含量 89.04 10.39 0.17 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

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