Experiment and Mechanism Analysis of Enhanced Recycling Mud-containing Fine-grained Copper Sulfide Ore of Pulang by Combined Collectors
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摘要:
香格里拉普朗硫化铜矿石含泥量高、铜嵌布粒度细，现场采用烃类油捕收剂MCO，铜回收效果欠佳。因此在研究矿石性质的基础上，进行了捕收剂优化研究及机理分析。研究结果表明，原矿铜品位为0.396%，主要含铜矿物为黄铜矿，嵌布粒度细；脉石矿物主要为石英、绿泥石、斜长石等，泥化程度高。通过药剂优化试验，使用MCO+CO100+250-A为组合捕收剂（用量36+4.5+2.5 g/t），浮选闭路试验最终获得的铜精矿品位为23.41%，回收率为82.15%，与现场药剂效果相比，精矿Cu品位升高了0.19百分点，回收率增加了4.36百分点。单矿物浮选试验和机理研究结果表明，MCO与组合捕收剂在黄铜矿表面的吸附方式均为化学吸附，与MCO相比，组合捕收剂能显著降低药剂与矿物表面的静电斥力，显著提高药剂在黄铜矿表面的吸附强度。该组合捕收剂选择性高、捕收能力强，对含泥微细粒硫化铜矿具有较好的浮选效果。
Abstract:The optimization and the mechanism of collectors for the copper sulfide mine bearing fine copper minerals and mud in Pulang, Shangri-La were studied, because of the poor copper recovery using MCO as collector. The results of process mineralogy showed that the copper grade of the raw ore was 0.396%, in which the chalcopyrite was the main copper-bearing mineral and fine dissemination size. The main gangue minerals were quartz, chlorite, plagioclase, etc. The concentrate with a copper grade of 23.41% and a recovery of 82.15% was obtained from the flotation closed circuit test using the combined collector of MCO, CO100 and 250-A (dosage 36+4.5+2.5 g/t). Compared with MCO, the copper grade and the recovery were increased by 0.19% and 4.36% , respectively. The mechanism study results indicated that the adsorption mode of the combined collectors on chalcopyrite surface was chemical adsorption. The electrostatic repulsion force between the collector and chalcopyrite surface was reduced, therefore, the collector adsorption was significantly improved. Due to the higher selectivity and stronger collecting ability, the combined collector can recover fine copper sulfide minerals effectively.
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Key words:
- combined collector /
- flotation /
- fine copper minerals /
- mechanism analysis
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表 1 化学元素分析结果
Table 1. Results of chemical element analysis
元素 Cu Mo Fe SiO2 Al2O3 S 含量/% 0.396 0.007 2.38 63.50 14.34 0.585 
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表 2 矿样铜物相分析
Table 2. Phase analysis of Cu in raw ore samples
/% 铜物相 原生硫化铜 次生硫化铜 游离氧化铜 结合氧化铜 合计 含量 0.40 0.01 <0.0050 <0.0050 0.41 分布率 97.56 2.44 — — 100.00
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表 3 各粒级铜分布率
Table 3. Distribution of copper in each grade
粒级/μm 产率/% Cu品位/% Cu分布率/% +150 12.27 0.17 5.16 −150+74 27.59 0.27 18.30 −74+48 13.82 0.41 14.06 −48+38 9.89 0.64 15.74 −38 36.43 0.52 46.73 合计 100.00 0.40 100.00
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表 4 MCO和组合捕收剂闭路试验结果
Table 4. Results of closed-circuit test of MCO and combined collectors
/% 捕收剂 产品名称 产率 Cu品位 Cu 回收率 MCO 精矿 1.09 23.216 77.79 尾矿 98.91 0.073 22.21 原矿 100.00 0.325 100.00 CY-1 精矿 1.14 23.406 82.15 尾矿 98.86 0.058 17.85 原矿 100.00 0.324 100.00
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表 5 不同捕收剂下尾矿的粒度分析及铜在各粒级中的分布结果
Table 5. Particle size analysis of tailings with different collectors and copper distribution in each particle size
捕收剂 粒级/μm 产率/% Cu 品位/% Cu 分布率/% MCO +150 12.61 0.076 13.36 −150+74 21.66 0.045 13.41 −74+48 14.13 0.040 7.83 −48+38 10.14 0.038 5.29 −38 41.46 0.104 60.12 合计 100.00 0.072 100.00 CY-1 +150 8.83 0.085 12.61 −150+74 26.72 0.044 19.77 −74+48 16.50 0.039 10.82 −48+38 9.71 0.021 3.43 −38 38.24 0.083 53.37 合计 100.00 0.059 100.00
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表 6 捕收剂种类对黄铜矿表面接触角的影响
Table 6. Influence of collector types on chalcopyrite surface contact angle
处理条件 无药剂 MCO CY-1 图像 
平均接触角/(°) 76.66 85.98 88.28
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