Experimental Study on Sulfuration-flotation of Silver-bearing Copper Oxide Ore by Combined Reagents
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摘要:
为了解决陕西某含银氧化铜矿选矿厂铜回收率低的问题,在矿石性质研究的基础上,进行了详细的选矿试验研究。结果表明,原矿含铜1.24%、银37.2 g/t,铜主要以孔雀石和蓝铜矿的形式存在,银主要赋存于氧化铜矿物中。针对目的矿物嵌布粒度细、硫化速度慢、易泥化的特点,以硫化钠+硫酸铵为组合硫化剂,以异戊基黄药+苯甲羟肟酸为组合捕收剂,采用原矿硫化—浮选—中矿集中再磨再选的工艺流程,最终浮选闭路试验获得了精矿铜品位18.09%、铜回收率89.47%、银品位477.56 g/t、银回收率80.60%的良好指标。该工艺为解决氧化铜矿生产中铜、银选别指标差的问题提供了技术依据。
Abstract:The detailed beneficiation experiments were carried out base on process mineralogy, in order to solve the problem of low recovery rate of copper in a silver-bearing copper oxide concentrator from Shanxi Province. The results showed that the grades of copper and silver in the raw ore were 1.24%, 37.2 g/t respectively, and copper mainly existed in the form of malachite and azurite, with silver in the copper oxide minerals. Base on the characteristics of fine distribution size, slow sulfurization speed and easy slime for the copper oxide minerals, the process of sulfurization-flotation-middlings regrinding and separation was conducted, with sodium sulfide + ammonium sulfate as the combined sulfurization reagents, isopentyl xanthate + benzohydroxamic acid as the combined collectors. As a result, a concentration with copper grade of 18.09%, copper recovery of 89.47%, silver grade of 477.56 g/t and silver recovery of 80.60% was obtained. This study provides a guidance for solving the problem of poor separation index of copper and silver in concentrate for concentrator production.
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Key words:
- copper oxide /
- middling regrinding /
- sulfurization-flotation /
- alachite /
- azurite /
- combined collector /
- combined sulfurization agent
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表 1 原矿多元素分析结果
Table 1. Multi-element analysis results of run-of-mine
/% Cu Ag* Au* Pb Zn SiO2 Al2O3 As Fe 1.24 37.2 0.05 0.006 0.0053 83.19 1.83 0.092 2.81 注:Ag、Au含量单位为g/t,下同。 表 2 原矿铜物相分析结果
Table 2. Copper phase analysis results of run-of-mine
/% 相名 自由氧化铜 结合氧化铜 原生硫化铜 次生硫化铜 合计 铜含量 1.18 0.01 0.06 0.01 1.26 分布率 93.65 0.79 4.77 0.79 100.00 表 3 原矿矿物组成及含量分析结果
Table 3. Mineral composition of run-of-mine
/% 孔雀石 蓝铜矿 褐铁矿 硅质岩 石英 泥质岩 细晶岩 白云石 1.8 0.5 1.7 70.8 13.2 3.8 1.5 5.8 表 4 不同磨矿细度的粗精矿指标
Table 4. Test results of grinding fineness conditions
磨矿细度
(−0.074 mm含量) /%产率 /% 品位 回收率 Cu /% Ag /(g·t−1) Cu /% Ag /% 60 18.55 5.08 149.8 76.00 74.70 65 19.85 4.98 143.7 79.72 76.47 70 20.23 4.89 139.6 79.78 75.71 75 24.55 4.11 115.8 80.71 76.42 表 5 不同硫化剂加药点的粗精矿指标对比
Table 5. Test results of dosing points comparison of sulfuration agents
加药点 产率/% 品位 回收率 Cu/% Ag/(g·t−1) Cu/% Ag/% 磨矿机中 19.36 5.06 144.7 79.00 75.10 浮选机中 20.03 5.34 155.2 86.25 83.34 表 6 不同硫化剂用量条件下的粗精矿指标
Table 6. Test results of sulfuration agent dosage conditions
硫化剂用量/(g·t−1)
硫化钠+硫酸铵产率/% 品位 回收率 Cu/% Ag/(g·t−1) Cu/% Ag/% 粗一:3000+3000;粗二:1500+1500 18.42 5.45 154.5 80.96 76.30 粗一:4000+4000;粗二:2000+2000 20.03 5.34 155.2 86.25 83.34 粗一:5000+5000;粗二:2500+2500 21.06 5.30 152.0 90.01 85.82 粗一:6000+6000;粗二:3000+3000 21.33 5.14 146.5 88.42 83.78 表 7 不同捕收剂用量条件下的粗精矿指标
Table 7. Test results of collector dosage condition
捕收剂/(g·t−1)
异戊基黄药+苯甲羟肟酸产率/% 品位 回收率 Cu/% Ag/(g·t−1) Cu/% Ag/% 粗一:50+50;粗二:25+25 16.17 4.95 138.7 64.55 60.13 粗一:100+50;粗二:50+25 18.55 5.09 155.5 79.14 77.33 粗一:100+100;粗二:50+50 18.60 5.50 172.7 82.50 79.14 粗一:200+100;粗二:100+50 21.06 5.30 152.0 90.01 85.82 粗一:200+200;粗二:100+100 21.79 5.11 143.2 89.80 83.65 表 8 粗选综合条件开路试验结果
Table 8. Result of open-circuit flotation tests under roughing comprehensive conditions
产品名称 产率/% 品位 回收率 Cu/% Ag/(g·t−1) Cu/% Ag/% 精矿 3.91 19.78 574.5 62.17 60.26 中矿1 4.51 3.07 97.2 11.13 11.76 中矿2 13.43 1.61 37.1 17.38 13.37 中矿3 1.92 1.89 43.7 2.92 2.25 中矿4 1.36 0.90 30.7 0.98 1.12 尾矿 74.87 0.09 5.6 5.42 11.25 原矿 100.00 1.24 37.73 100.00 100.00 表 9 中矿集中再磨细度试验的再选精矿指标
Table 9. Test results of regrinding fineness of middle ore concentration
磨矿细度
(−0.074mm含量)/%产率/% 品位 回收率 Cu/% Ag/(g·t−1) Cu/% Ag/% 68.4(不磨) 1.03 15.08 349.8 12.53 9.66 76.8 1.12 16.98 343.7 15.34 10.32 88.6 0.94 16.11 315.8 12.21 7.96 表 10 浮选闭路试验结果
Table 10. Results of closed-circuit flotation tests
产品名称 产率/% 品位 回收率 Cu/% Ag/(g·t−1) Cu/% Ag/% 精矿1 4.01 19.54 525.6 63.75 58.51 精矿2 2.07 15.27 384.5 25.72 22.09 最终精矿 6.08 18.09 477.56 89.47 80.60 尾矿2 19.75 0.28 13.6 4.50 7.46 尾矿1 74.17 0.10 5.80 6.03 11.94 最终尾矿 93.92 0.14 7.44 10.53 19.40 原矿 100.00 1.23 36.02 100.00 100.00 -
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