Effect of Metal Cations on the Kerosene/Water Interfacial Tension in Flotation Conditioning
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摘要:
为了探究金属阳离子在煤油/水界面扩散机制及其对油/水界面张力的影响规律，试验利用分子动力学模拟、界面静力学平衡分析和高速摄像动态采集测试技术，研究了不同浓度和离子价态的Na+、Mg2+和Al3+在煤油/水界面迁移规律与对煤油/水界面张力的影响机制。界面张力测试分析结果表明离子溶液与煤油间的界面张力随离子价态的增加而降低。同时分子动力学模拟与静力学分析的结果表明煤油在油/水界面表现出两亲性，其中羟基朝向水分子，而烷基链朝向煤油分子。进入煤油分子空隙的水分子数量随水中离子数量的增加而增加。油滴等效直径随离子价态的增加而增加，油滴需要更多的内能突破油/水界面的表面能，导致油滴体积增大，即
< span class="inline-formula-span" > ${{d}_{{{{\rm{Al}}}^{3+}}}}$ < /span > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='2023-03-0020_Z-20230602102902.png'/ > < span class="inline-formula-span" > ${{d}_{{{{\rm{Mg}}}^{2+}}}} $ < /span > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='2023-03-0020_Z-20230602102928.png'/ > < span class="inline-formula-span" > ${{d}_{{{{\rm{Na}}}^{+}}}} $ < /span > < img text_id='' class='formula-img' style='display:none;' src='2023-03-0020_Z-20230602102940.png'/ > Abstract:In order to investigate the mechanism of metal cation diffusion at the kerosene/water interface and its effect on the oil/water interfacial tension, the migration patterns of Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+ with different concentrations and ionic valence states at the kerosene/water interface and the effect mechanism on the kerosene/water interfacial tension were investigated, using molecular dynamics simulation, interfacial static equilibrium analysis and high-speed camera dynamic acquisition test techniques. The results of the interfacial tension test showed that the interfacial tension between ionic solution and kerosene decreased with the increase of ionic valence state. Meanwhile, the results of molecular dynamics simulation and hydrostatic analysis showed that kerosene exhibited amphiphilicity at the oil/water interface, where the hydroxyl groups were directed toward the water molecules and the alkyl chains were directed toward the kerosene molecules. The number of water molecules entering the molecular gap of kerosene increased with the number of ions in water. The equivalent diameter of oil droplets increased with the increase of ionic valence, and oil droplets needed more internal energy to break through the surface energy of the oil/water interface, resulting in an increase of oil droplet volume, i.e. dAl3+ > dMg2+ > dNa+. The experimental results provide some theoretical support for the timely adjustment of metal cation types and concentrations in the flotation process, elimination of metal ions unfavorable to flotation performance, and improvement of flotation efficiency.
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Key words:
- flotation conditioning /
- metal cations /
- kerosene /
- interfacial tension /
- ionic hydration
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表 1 煤油组分
Table 1. Kerosene components
成分 C16H26O3 C17H36 C19H36 C16H33OH C18H33OH C9H16BrNO C7H15OH C12H26O 其他 含量/% 30.196 25.869 20.196 16.495 5.897 0.218 0.049 0.048 0.005 
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表 2 去离子水和煤油的基本参数
Table 2. Basic parameters of deionized water and kerosene
界面 界面张力
/(mN∙m−1)溶液密度
/ (g∙cm−3)液体动态黏度
/(mPa∙s)去离子水/气 72.0 0.99 1.00 煤油/气 30.0 0.80 2.20 去离子水/煤油 41.8 0.99/0.80 1.00/2.20
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