土木工程泥浆用膨润土改性增效技术研究

张然; 宋广毅; 刘岩; 胡宏杰

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2023.04.010

土木工程泥浆用膨润土改性增效技术研究

1.
中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所，河南郑州 450006

2.
国家非金属矿资源综合利用工程技术研究中心，河南郑州 450006

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划课题（2022YFC2904804）

详细信息

作者简介: 张然（1982—），男，工程师，主要从事非金属矿物材料研究。E-mail：zran_a@mail.cgs.gov.cn

通讯作者: 刘岩，E-mail：lyan_d@mail.cgs.gov.cn。

中图分类号: TD985

收稿日期: 2023-02-06

刊出日期: 2023-08-25

Investigation on Modification of Bentonite to Improve Performance for Civil Engineering Mud

1.
Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Zhengzhou 450006, China

2.
National Engineering Center for Multipurpose Utilization of Non−Metallic Miner al Resources, Zhengzhou 450006, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Yan, lyan_d@mail.cgs.gov.cn

Received Date: 06 February 2023

Publish Date: 25 August 2023

摘要

摘要:
对河南洛阳吸蓝量为35.2 g/100 g和23.6 g/100 g的两种膨润土分别进行钠化改性和增效剂共混处理，制备土木工程泥浆用膨润土。系统研究了钠化剂、增效剂对膨润土泥浆性能的影响。研究结果表明，钠化改性对吸蓝量为35.2 g/100 g的高品位膨润土增黏效果更加显著，4% Na₂CO₃半干法改性可使高品位膨润土黏度由3 mPa·s提高到34 mPa·s。高品位膨润土钠化后添加0.75% Na−CMC共混可达到高黏膨润土标准。SPA和不同增效剂复配可以有效提高膨润土的黏度、降低滤失量和动塑比；0.2% SPA+1% PAC复配效果最好，可使吸蓝量为23.6 g/100 g的低品位膨润土达到中黏膨润土标准。
- 膨润土 /
- 泥浆 /
- 钠化 /
- 增效剂
Abstract:
Two kinds of bentonite with the ethylene blue adsorbed of 35.2 g/100 g and 23.6 g/100 g from Luoyang, Henan Province were Na−modified and mixed with synergists to develop civil engineering mud. The effects of sodium agent and synergists on the mud properties of bentonite were systematically studied. The results showed that the effect of Na−modification on the viscosity of high−grade bentonite with the ethylene blue adsorbed of 35.2 g/100 g was more significant, and the viscosity of high−grade bentonite was increased from 3 mPa·s to 34 mPa·s by 4% Na₂CO₃ semi−dry modification. The high−grade bentonite could reach the specification of high−viscosity bentonite after the Na−modification by addition of 0.75% Na−CMC. It was found that the combination of SPA and different synergists could effectively improve the viscosity and reduce the filtration loss and yield point/plastic viscosity ratio. The low−grade bentonite with the ethylene blue adsorbed of 23.6 g/100 g could reach the specification of medium−viscosity bentonite by addition of 0.2% SPA+1% PAC.
- bentonite /
- mud /
- Na−modification /
- synergist

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图 1 膨润土样品的XRD图

Figure 1.

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图 2 Na₂CO₃用量对膨润土黏度的影响

Figure 2.

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图 3 Na−CMC用量对改性膨润土黏度的影响

Figure 3.

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表 1 土木工程用膨润土的技术指标

Table 1. Specifications of bentonite for civil engineering

项目	指标
项目	低黏膨润土	中黏膨润土	高黏膨润土
黏度(600 r/min)/(mPa·s)	≥ 12	≥ 35	≥ 60
动塑比/[Pa·(mPa·s)⁻¹]	≤ 3.0	≤ 1.5	≤ 1.5
滤失量/cm³	≤ 20.0	≤ 15.0	≤ 14.0
75 μm筛余/%	≤ 4.0	≤ 2.0	≤ 1.5
水分含量/%	≤ 13.0	≤ 13.0	≤ 13.0

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表 2 Na−CMC用量对M1样品泥浆性能的影响

Table 2. Effect of Na−CMC dosage on the mud properties of sample M1

Na−CMC用量/%	0	0.25	0.5	0.75	1
黏度(600 r/min)/(mPa·s)	34	48.5	51.5	62.5	68.5
滤失量/cm³	13.6	11.0	11.0	10.8	10.0
动塑比/[Pa·(mPa·s)⁻¹]	0.89	0.94	1.45	1.50	1.74

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表 3 不同增效剂对M2样品泥浆性能的影响

Table 3. Effect of several synergists on the mud properties of sample M2

序号	增效剂	黏度(600 r/min)/ (mPa·s)	滤失量/cm³	动塑比/ [Pa·(mPa·s)⁻¹]
1	0.3% APAM	16	19.6	1.00
2	0.5% APAM	22	18.2	0.83
3	1% APAM	29	16.8	1.42
4	0.3% PAC	25	17.6	0.79
5	0.5% PAC	28	17.6	0.75
6	1% PAC	35	16.2	0.94
7	0.3% XG	13	21.0	0.30
8	0.5% XG	23	18.6	0.83
9	1% XG	26	18.4	0.63
10	0.2% SPA	31	17.2	1.21
11	0.3% SPA	38	16.6	1.38
12	0.4% SPA	36	16.6	1.25
13	0.5% SPA	35	16.8	0.94

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表 4 复配增效剂对M2样品泥浆性能的影响

Table 4. Effect of several compound synergists on the mud properties of sample M2

序号	复合增效剂	黏度(600 r/min) /mPa·s	滤失量 /cm³	动塑比 /[Pa·(mPa·s)⁻¹]
1	0.2% SPA+0.3%Na−CMC	38	16.8	1.38
2	0.3% SPA+0.3%Na−CMC	51	17.2	1.83
3	0.3% SPA+0.4%Na−CMC	52	15.6	1.89
4	0.2% SPA+0.3% APAM	40	14.4	1.22
5	0.2% SPA+0.4% APAM	42	14.0	1.10
6	0.2% SPA+0.5% APAM	40	13.4	1.00
7	0.2% SPA+1.0% APAM	42	12.4	1.10
8	0.3% SPA+0.2% APAM	44	15.8	1.75
9	0.3% SPA+0.3% APAM	45	15.4	1.65
10	0.3% SPA+0.4% APAM	54	14.4	2.00
11	0.2% SPA+0.5% PAC	47	13.6	1.21
12	0.2% SPA+1.0% PAC	51	12.8	1.32
13	0.3% SPA+0.5% PAC	52	14.4	1.36
14	0.2% SPA+0.5% XG	42	18.4	1.63
15	0.2% SPA+1.0% XG	48	15.6	1.67
16	0.3% SPA+0.5% XG	50	16.2	1.78

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