典型金属离子活化矿物浮选机理研究进展

余安美; 丁湛; 李颉; 袁加巧; 柏少军

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2023.04.013

典型金属离子活化矿物浮选机理研究进展

1.
昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院，云南昆明 650093

2.
省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室，云南昆明 650093

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（52164021）

详细信息

作者简介: 余安美（1998—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为浮选理论与工艺。E-mail：yuanmei199805@126.com

通讯作者: 柏少军（1983—），男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为浮选理论与资源综合利用。E-mail：baishaojun830829@126.com。

中图分类号: TD923⁺.14

收稿日期: 2023-04-21

刊出日期: 2023-08-25

Research Progress on Activation Mechanism of Typical Metal Ions on Mineral Flotation

1.
Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

2.
State Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization of Complex Nonferrous Metals, Yunnan Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: BAI Shaojun, baishaojun830829@126.com

Received Date: 21 April 2023

Publish Date: 25 August 2023

摘要

摘要:
分析了典型金属离子（Pb²⁺、Cu²⁺、Ca²⁺、Fe³⁺和Al³⁺）对矿物浮选行为的影响和金属离子活化矿物浮选的机理，系统地评述了金属离子活化矿物的优缺点，并对金属离子对矿物的活化能力进行了比较。最后指出强化金属离子活化机理的基础理论研究、寻找绿色的新型金属离子活化剂是本领域未来研究的重点。本文可为矿物浮选新型活化剂的研发提供一定的参考。
- 金属离子 /
- 矿物浮选 /
- 活化机理 /
- 活化能力
Abstract:
This paper analyzes the effects of typical metal ions (Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Ca²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Al³⁺) on the flotation behaviors of minerals and corresponding mechanism. Meanwhile, the merits and demerits of these metal ions on the activation of minerals are reviewed in details. Besides, the activated ability of above-mentioned metal ions on minerals flotation behaviors is analyzed. It is advisable to strengthen the basic theory of the activation mechanism of metal ions and to develop new green activators of metal ions in the future research of this field. Thus, the present paper provides some references for the development of new activators for mineral flotation.
- metal ions /
- mineral flotation /
- activation mechanism /
- ability of activation

HTML全文

表 1 石英在不同作用体系中元素的原子轨道结合能^[71]

Table 1. Atomic orbital binding energy of elements interacting with quartz and different reagents

作用体系	Si 2p	Si 2s	Ca 2p	Fe 2p
作用体系	结合能/eV	结合能/eV	结合能/eV	结合能/eV
石英	103.83	154.87	−	−
SDS	−	−	−	−
石英+SDS	103.86	154.67	−	−
石英+ Ca²⁺＋SDS	103.21	154.13	346.93	−
石英＋Fe³⁺＋SDS	103.04	154.01	−	711.16

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表 2 金属原子与锂辉石矿物表面吸附后成键的布居分布值及键长^[90]

Table 2. Bond population and bond length of metal atom with oxygen on spodumene surface

化学键	布居分布值	键长/nm
Ca-O1	0.09	0.2053
Ca-O2	0.02	0.2337
Al-O1	0.15	0.1746
Al-O2	0.02	0.2591
Fe-O1	0.25	0.1822
Fe-O2	0.17	0.1941
(O1，O2分别表示在锂辉石晶胞(110)面不同的O原子)

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表 3 ZnS与Cu²⁺和Pb²⁺作用前后接触角^[91]

Table 3. Contact angle of ZnS before and after interaction with Cu²⁺and Pb²⁺ /(°)

Contact angle /°	ZnS+Cu²⁺	ZnS+Pb²⁺	ZnS
θ_左	35.2	24.6	18.9
θ_右	36.8	26.4	18.9

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表 4 Cu、Pb化合物溶度积常数^[92]

Table 4. Solubility product constant of Cu and Pb compounds

化合物名称	pK_sp
PbS	27.9
CuS	35.2
Pb(OH)₂	15.1
Cu(OH)₂	14.0
PbX₂	18.0
CuX₂	26.3

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表 5 与不同药剂作用后锡石接触角变化^[95]

Table 5. Contact angle changes of cassiterite after interaction with different reagents

药剂	θ /(°)	1-cosθ
−	33	0.16
油酸钠	126	1.59
Fe³⁺+油酸钠	110	1.34
Cu²⁺+油酸钠	108	1.31
Pb²⁺+油酸钠	135	1.71

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表 6 不同捕收剂下金属离子对锡石的回收率和接触角的影响^[96]

Table 6. Effects of metal ions on cassiterite recovery and contact angle under different collectors

金属离子	回收率/%	接触角/(°)	捕收剂
Pb²⁺	+18.27	−	水杨羟肟酸
Pb²⁺	+7.07	−	油酸钠
Ca²⁺	−7.10	−4.67	水杨羟肟酸
Ca²⁺	−2.66	−5.17	油酸钠
Al³⁺	−13.08	−8.95	油酸钠
（+表示大于未添加金属离子的数值，−表示小于未添加金属离子的数值）

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表 7 金属离子对黑云母的浮选效果^[87]

Table 7. Effect of metal ions on the flotation recovery of biotite

金属离子	最大回收率/%
Ca²⁺	16.5
Pb²⁺	58.67
Cu²⁺	71.72
Al³⁺	72.82
Fe³⁺	71.36

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