锡石浮选药剂研究进展

李亚超; 张怀瑶; 贾凯; 范桂侠

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2023.05.007

锡石浮选药剂研究进展

郑州大学化工学院，河南郑州 450000

详细信息

作者简介: 李亚超（1997—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向浮选理论与工艺

通讯作者: 范桂侠（1987—），副教授，博士生导师，主要从事浮选理论与工艺，资源综合利用，E-mail：cumtfgx@126.com。

中图分类号: TD952.4

收稿日期: 2023-08-06

刊出日期: 2023-10-25

Research Development of Cassiterite Flotation Reagents

Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China

More Information

Corresponding author: FAN Guixia, cumtfgx@126.com

Received Date: 06 August 2023

Publish Date: 25 October 2023

摘要

摘要:
锡是现代工业不可或缺的关键战略金属，我国的锡矿资源十分丰富，但随着优质锡矿的消耗，锡矿资源贫、细、杂的特点越来越突出，微细颗粒、伴生组分复杂也是回收锡矿资源面临的技术难题。浮选作为回收微细粒锡石的主要方法，浮选药剂的选择至关重要。概述了常见的脂肪酸类捕收剂、胂酸类捕收剂、膦酸类捕收剂、烷基磺化琥珀酸捕收剂和羟肟酸类捕收剂的特点及作用机理，重点介绍了新型羟肟酸捕收剂在锡石浮选中的应用成果，以及捕收剂与活化剂、抑制剂在锡石浮选过程的组合使用，为锡石新药剂研发提供参考。
- 锡石 /
- 浮选 /
- 药剂 /
- 作用机理
Abstract:
Tin is an indispensable key strategic metal in modern industry. In China, Tin ore resources are abundant, however, with the depletion of high−quality tin ore, the characteristics of tin ore resources being poor, fine, and mixed are becoming increasingly prominent. The presence of fine particles and complex components has become a significant technical challenge in the recovery of tin ore resources. Flotation, as the primary method for recovering fine cassiterite, demands a crucial selection of flotation reagents. In this paper, the characteristics and mechanisms of common fatty acid collectors, arsenic acid collectors, phosphate collectors, alkyl sulfosuccinic acid collectors, and hydroxamic acid collectors were summarized. The application results of novel hydroxamic acid collectors in cassiterite flotation and the combination of collectors, activators, and inhibitors in cassiterite flotation were emphatically introduced, which provide a reference for the development of new reagents in cassiterite flotation.
- cassiterite /
- flotation /
- reagents /
- mechanism of action

HTML全文

图 1 锡矿石中常见矿物表面化学键模型：a−锡石（110）表面；b−石英（101）表面；c−萤石（111）表面^[12]

Figure 1.

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图 2 SPE108 与锡石的可能的键合模型（a）和 HEPA 在锡石表面化学吸附的过程（b）^[35]

Figure 2.

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图 3 羟肟酸与金属离子螯合^[40]

Figure 3.

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图 4 酰胺基对含硫醚羟肟酸浮选锡石的作用机理模型^[45]

Figure 4.

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图 5 BHA的结构修饰^[47]

Figure 5.

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图 6 PBTCA（左）和Na₂ATP（右）吸附在萤石表面的模型^[74-75]

Figure 6.

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图 7 EDTMPA浮选分离锡石和方解石的机理^[24]

Figure 7.

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表 1 不同特点的5类捕收剂

Table 1. Five kinds of collectors with different characteristics

名称	结构式	特点
油酸钠^[3]		廉价、无毒但选择性差
苯乙烯膦酸^[17]		捕收性好、无毒但易受金属离子影响
对甲苯胂酸^[17]		捕收性好但毒性大，危害大
烷基磺化琥珀酰胺酸^[18]		无毒、捕收性好但选择性差
水杨羟肟酸苯甲羟肟酸^{[19, 20]}		捕收性和选择性较好、无毒

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