Preparation and Properties of Phase Change Energy Storage Materials with Gold Tailings/Fly Ash
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摘要:
尾矿是一种错位资源，其综合利用受到广泛关注。一些尾矿具有丰富的孔隙结构和较大的比表面积，可以作为相变储能材料的载体，应用于相变储能领域。以黄金尾矿混合粉煤灰作为基础骨架材料，太阳盐作为相变储能材料，采用冷压缩热烧结法制备了相变储能材料。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和激光导热仪（LFA）表征了相变储能材料的热物理性能、化学相容性、导热性能。结果表明，当黄金尾矿含量为22.5%、粉煤灰含量为22.5%、太阳盐含量为55%时，复合材料各方面性能最佳且具有良好的化学相容性，最大潜热为53.81 J/g，导热系数为0.27 W/（m·K），抗压强度达到33.7 MPa。样品在经过100次热循环后，仍具有优异的储热性能。利用尾矿制备相变储能材料具有良好的可行性，为尾矿资源化利用提供了一种新途径。
Abstract:Tailings is a type of misaligned resource that has received widespread attention for comprehensive utilization. Tailings can serve as carriers for phase change materials (PCMs) in thermal energy storage applications with rich pore structures and relatively large specific surface areas. In this study, a novel composite phase change material (CPCM) was prepared by a hybrid sintering method to combine gold tailings−fly ash mixture as the base material with solar salt as the phase change material for thermal energy storage. The chemical compatibility of the CPCM analyzed by X−Ray Diffraction (XRD). And the micro−structure, thermal conductivity performance of the CPCM were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Laser Flash Analysis (LFA). The results showed that when the content of gold tailings was 22.5%, fly ash was 22.5% and solar salt was 55%, the composite has the best properties and good chemical compatibility. Furthermore, the maximum latent heat of the CPCM was 53.8 J/g, its thermal conductivity was 0.27 W/(m·K), and reached a mechanical strength of 33.7 MPa. Critically, the CPCM specimens had good cycling reliability after 100 thermal cycles. In conclusion, the utilization of tailings to prepare phase change energy storage materials was considered to be feasible and provided a new avenue for the resource utilization of tailings.
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表 1 黄金尾矿与粉煤灰主要化学成分
Table 1. Main chemical compositions of gold tailings and fly ash
/% 组分 SiO2 Al2O3 Na2O K2O Fe2O3 CaO MgO LOI 黄金尾矿 69.85 12.68 3.06 4.61 1.96 1.53 1.17 5.02 粉煤灰 56.72 21.55 1.03 1.17 7.69 5.32 1.72 2.96 
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表 2 不同质量比的相变储能材料
Table 2. Phase change energy storage materials with different mass ratios
/% 样品 复合材料 FG1 FG2 FG3 FG4 FG5 FG6 太阳盐 35 40 45 50 55 60 混合尾矿 65 60 55 50 45 40
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表 3 不同样品的熔点和潜热
Table 3. Melting point and latent heat of different samples
样品 熔化温度/℃ 峰值温度/℃ 冻结温度/℃ 潜热/(J·g−1) SS 223.73 229.33 238.82 111.70 FG1 208.89 220.98 238.96 32.85 FG2 213.81 223.20 242.62 38.29 FG3 215.23 224.01 245.34 43.83 FG4 216.02 223.85 247.01 48.96 FG5 217.34 224.48 238.45 53.81 FG5循环后 217.24 224.46 237.13 51.06
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表 4 本文制备复合相变储能材料与文献报道的复合材料的性能比较
Table 4. Comparison of the properties of composite phase change energy storage materials prepared in this paper with composites reported in the literature
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