铅离子协同苹果酸抑制滑石可浮性的机理研究

桂婉婷; 雷大士; 王宇斌; 张帅; 赵鑫; 田家怡

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2023.06.010

铅离子协同苹果酸抑制滑石可浮性的机理研究

西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院，陕西西安 710055

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52304192，51974218）；中国博士后科学基金（2022MD723813）

详细信息

作者简介: 桂婉婷（1998—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事矿物材料及资源综合利用研究，E-mail：guiwanting1998@163.com

通讯作者: 王宇斌（1972—），男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事矿物材料及资源综合利用研究，E-mail： wywywyb@xauat.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TD923⁺.14

收稿日期: 2023-09-12

刊出日期: 2023-12-25

Inhibition Mechanism of Lead Ions Synergized with Malic Acid on Talc

School of Resources Engineering, Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi′an 710055, Shaanxi, China

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Corresponding author: WANG Yubin, wywywyb@xauat.edu.cn

Received Date: 12 September 2023

Publish Date: 25 December 2023

摘要

摘要:
滑石是辉钼矿等金属硫化矿的常见共生矿物，天然疏水性极好。为阐明煤油作捕收剂时铅离子及苹果酸对滑石浮选行为的影响机理，进行了滑石的单矿物浮选实验，并采用ζ电位、XPS和FTIR等测试方法对药剂在滑石表面的吸附机理进行了研究。结果表明，当pH值为8、Pb²⁺浓度为1.0×10⁻⁴ mol/L时，1.0×10⁻³ mol/L的苹果酸对滑石的抑制作用最为显著，此时滑石的回收率为54.60%，与没有添加抑制剂时相比降低了32.50个百分点。与仅添加苹果酸时相比降低了11.66个百分点。溶液中铅离子的羟基络合物Pb（OH）₂、Pb（OH）₃⁻和具有强烈亲水性的C₄H₄O₅²⁻吸附在滑石表面，二者的共同作用使滑石的表面电位负向增大，不利于煤油的吸附。苹果酸根离子侵蚀滑石表面并与滑石表面的活性点Mg结合生成亲水性的苹果酸镁，可明显提高滑石的亲水性，使其接触角由64.27°改变为39.87°，本研究对含滑石型矿物的高效浮选分离具有一定的参考意义。
- 滑石 /
- 苹果酸 /
- 铅离子 /
- 协同抑制 /
- 可浮性
Abstract:
Talc is a common co−occurring mineral of metal sulfide ores such as molybdenite, with excellent natural hydrophobicity. To elucidate the mechanism of flotation behavior of talc under the action of Pb ions and malic acid when kerosene is used as a collector, single mineral flotation tests of talc were carried out, and the adsorption mechanism of the reagents on the surface of talc was investigated by ζ−potential, XPS and FTIR. The results showed that the inhibition of talc by 1.0×10⁻³ mol/L malic acid was the most significant when the pH was 8 and the Pb²⁺ concentration was 1.0×10⁻⁴ mol/L. The recovery of talc was 54.60%, which was 32.50 percentage lower than that without inhibitors and 11.66 percentage lower than that of malic acid alone. The hydroxyl complex of lead ions in solution, Pb(OH)₂, Pb(OH)₃⁻and C₄H₄O₅²⁻ with strong hydrophilicity could be adsorbed on the surface of talc, and their combined effects shifted the surface potential of talc negatively, which was unfavorable to the adsorption of kerosene. Malate ions eroded the talc surface and reacted with the active Mg ion site on talc surface to generate hydrophilic magnesium malate, which could significantly improve the hydrophilicity of talc and change its contact angle from 64.27° to 39.87°. The research can provide significant reference for the efficient flotation separation of talc−containing minerals.
- talc /
- malic acid /
- lead ion /
- cooperative suppression /
- floatability

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图 1 滑石XRD图谱

Figure 1.

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图 2 浮选实验流程

Figure 2.

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图 3 矿浆pH值及苹果酸浓度对滑石浮选回收率的影响

Figure 3.

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图 4 矿浆pH值及铅离子浓度对滑石浮选回收率的影响

Figure 4.

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图 5 Pb²⁺成分分布系数

Figure 5.

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图 6 DL−苹果酸成分分布系数

Figure 6.

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图 7 不同pH值下药剂作用对滑石接触角的影响

Figure 7.

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图 8 滑石ζ电位与pH值关系

Figure 8.

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图 9 不同滑石样品的红外光谱图

Figure 9.

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图 10 B样羟基的分峰拟合结果及相对含量

Figure 10.

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图 11 C样羟基的分峰拟合结果及相对含量

Figure 11.

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图 12 滑石样品的XPS全谱分析结果

Figure 12.

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图 13 Pb 4f的分峰拟合结果

Figure 13.

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图 14 Mg 1s的分峰拟合结果

Figure 14.

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表 1 实验所用试剂

Table 1. Reagents used in the experiment

试剂名称	级别	生产厂家
硝酸铅	分析纯	天津市大茂化学试剂厂
DL−苹果酸	分析纯	天津市大茂化学试剂厂
氢氧化钠	分析纯	天津市恒兴化学试剂制造有限公司
盐酸	分析纯	国药集团化学试剂有限公司
煤油	工业级	恒信石油化工股份有限公司
2^#油	工业级	天津市大茂化学试剂厂

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表 2 滑石表面原子个数相对含量

Table 2. Relative content of atomic number on talc surface /%

滑石样品	Si	Mg	O	Pb
A	17.47	2.55	43.91	0.00
B	14.47	1.66	34.01	0.03
C	13.56	1.88	34.05	0.00

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表 3 滑石表面元素电子结合能

Table 3. Electronic binding energies of talc surface elements /eV

滑石样品	Si2p	Mg1s	Pb 4f
A	103.05	1305.05	/
B	103.00	1304.92	137.94
C	103.02	1304.86	138.08

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表 4 分峰拟合各形态Pb的分布比例

Table 4. Distribution ratio of each sub−peak fitting form of Pb

结合键	结合能/eV	峰面积	总峰面积	相对含量/%
Pb−(OH)₂	137.6	862.11	1210.64	71.21
Pb−(OH)₃	138.4	348.53	1210.64	28.79

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表 5 分峰拟合各形态Mg的分布比例

Table 5. Distribution ratio of each sub−peak fitting form of Mg

滑石样品	Mg−O峰面积	Mg−OH峰面积	Mg−COOR峰面积	总峰面积	Mg−O相对含量/%	Mg−OH相对含量/%	Mg−COOR相对含量/%
A	4076.12	3191.62	/	7267.74	56.09	43.91	0.00
B	702.78	1247.04	/	1949.82	36.04	63.96	0.00
C	3206.49	1545.66	141.30	4893.45	65.53	31.58	2.89

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