Experimental Study on Medium Optimization and Reduction of Semi−Autogenous Grinding Hard Stone Accumulation Based on Grinding Parameters
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摘要:
针对某大型钼矿存在半自磨机顽石积累、产能提升幅度有限等问题，在综合考虑不同测试方法下的碎磨参数及通过压载实验获得顽石粒级的基础上，运用修正后的Azzaroni公式进行钢球直径精确计算，并通过实验室实验进行合理性验证。研究结果表明：（1）三种测试方法获得的碎磨参数结果均表明了该矿石的难磨剥特性但在描述矿石抗冲击性能上仍有区别；（2）该矿石的顽石粒级为−80+20 mm；（3）半自磨机的最佳钢球方案为m（Φ130 mm）∶m（Φ110 mm）=1∶1。单一球径Φ130 mm中+100 mm充当自磨介质的矿石磨矿产品较选厂Φ120 mm钢球方案提高了11.17百分点，顽石含量降低了1.67百分点；混合球径m（Φ130 mm）∶m（Φ110 mm）=1∶1的+100 mm含量较单一球径Φ130 mm提高了1百分点，顽石含量降低了3.41百分点，验证了所计算的最大钢球直径方案的合理性，并采用混合球径方案获得了更优的磨矿效果。
Abstract:In response to the problems of hard rock accumulation and limited production capacity improvement in a large molybdenum mine using a semi−autogenous mill, the modified Azzaroni formula was used to accurately calculate the optimal steel ball diameter. Various crushing and grinding parameters obtained through different testing methods and compression experiments to measure hard rock particle size were incorporated into this calculation. The rationality was verified through laboratory experiments. The research results indicated that: (1) The crushing and grinding parameters obtained by the three testing methods consistently highlighted the difficult grinding and stripping characteristics of the ore, though variations in describing the impact resistance of the ore were observed; (2) The hard rock particle size of the ore was determined to be −80+20 mm; (3) The optimal steel ball scheme for a semi−autogenous mill was a 1∶1 mass ratio of 130 mm and 110 mm diameters. Using a single ball diameter of 130 mm with a 100 mm diameter as the self−grinding medium resulted in an 11.17% increase in production compared to the existing 120 mm ball diameter scheme in the selection plant, and a 1.67% decrease in the content of hard rock −80+20 mm. The content of+100 mm with a mixed ball diameter of 130 mm and 110 mm in a 1∶1 ratio increased by 1% compared to a single ball diameter of 130 mm, while the content of hard rock −80+20 mm decreased by 3.41%. This verified the accuracy of the calculated maximum steel ball diameter and achieved better grinding results using the mixed ball diameter scheme.
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表 1 A×b值与矿石软硬对照表
Table 1. Comparison table of A×b values with ore softness and hardness
特性 极硬 硬 中硬 中 中软 软 极软 A×b <30 30~38 38~43 43~56 56~67 67~127 >127 
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表 2 邦德球磨功指数与矿石软硬程度对照表
Table 2. Comparison table of bond ball mill work index with ore softness and hardness
特性 软矿石 中矿石 中硬矿石 硬矿石 极硬矿石 Wib，/(kW·h·t−1) <8 8~14 14~20 20~25 >25
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表 3 普氏硬度系数与矿石软硬程度对照表
Table 3. Comparison table of protodyakonov coefficient with ore hardness and softness
特性 极硬 很硬 坚硬 较硬 普通 较软 软层 松软 f 20 15 8~10 5~6 3~4 1.5~2 0.8~1 ＜1
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表 4 碎磨特性参数
Table 4. Comminution characteristic parameters
参数 M fmat A b A*b ta Wib/(kW·h·t−1) 取值 96.54 0.17 67.22 1.01 67.89 0.36 16.27
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表 5 力学性质测定结果
Table 5. Mechanical property measurement results
样品 抗压强度R/MPa 块体密度/(g·cm−3) 泊松比 345 104.00 2.59 / 360 185.00 2.63 / 375 77.50 2.62 0.34 390 90.60 2.59 0.25 435 137.00 2.63 / 均值 118.82 2.61 0.30
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