Confinement Synthesis of 1T Molybdenum Disulfide at the Interlayer of Montmorillonite and the Adsorption Properties of Heavy Metal Ions
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摘要:
1T型二硫化钼（MoS2）在污水重金属吸附领域有着巨大的潜力，但受限于合成难度大和稳定性差的问题，导致其研究和应用难以取得突破进展。在丰富、廉价的天然层状矿物蒙脱石的纳米层间域中，利用纳米限域效应，实现了1T型MoS2在层间的直接合成，制备了蒙脱石−1T型MoS2层间复合材料（M−S）。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、拉曼光谱（Raman）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对吸附材料的微观形貌和晶体结构进行了表征，表明产物为蒙脱石−1T型MoS2的复合材料，且1T相占MoS2总量达92.5%。将所制备吸附材料用于水中Cd2+的吸附，考察了溶液pH 值、吸附时间和Cd2+初始浓度对吸附效果的影响。结果表明在pH 值为5.0、吸附时间为5 min、初始质量浓度为250 mg/L时，对Cd2+吸附性能最佳。结合理论模拟得到最佳吸附量为43.9 mg/g，且遵循准二阶动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附模型。该研究为合成1T型二硫化钼提供了新思路，也为设计高效重金属吸附材料提供了参考。
Abstract:1T molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has great potential for heavy metal adsorption in sewage. However, due to the difficulty of synthesis and poor stability, the research and application of 1T MoS2 adsorption materials are difficult to achieve breakthroughs. In this paper, the direct synthesis of 1T MoS2 in the interlayer of the rich and cheap natural layered mineral montmorillonite is realized by nano confinement effect, and the adsorbent of montmorillite−1T MoS2 interlayer composite material (M−S) is constructed. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X−ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X−ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the successful synthesis of 1T MoS2 in M−S has been proved, and the content of 1T phase is up to 92.5%. The prepared adsorbent materials were utilized for the efficient removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solutions, and the impacts of pH value, adsorption time, and initial Cd2+ concentration on the adsorption process were systematically investigated. The findings revealed that optimal adsorption performance was achieved at a pH value of 5.0, an adsorption time of 5 minutes, and an initial Cd2+ concentration of 250 mg/L. In conjunction with theoretical simulation, the optimal adsorption capacity was determined to be 43.9 mg/g, in accordance with the quasi−second−order kinetic equation and Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. This study presents a novel approach for synthesizing 1T phase molybdenum disulfide, and also offers valuable insights for the development of efficient heavy metal adsorbents.
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Key words:
- molybdenum disulfide /
- montmorillonite /
- confinement effect /
- crystal structure /
- heavy metal /
- adsorption
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表 1 不同吸附剂对Cd2+的吸附动力学参数
Table 1. Adsorption kinetic parameters of different adsorbents to Cd2+
材料 C0/(mg·L−1) qexp(mg/g−1) 准一阶动力学吸附 准二阶动力学吸附 qcal/(mg·g−1) K1/min R2 qcal/(mg·g−1) K2/(g·mg−1·min−1) R2 MT 50 23 2.1 0.01067 0.16397 20.2 0.1282 0.99862 MoS2 50 17 1.7 0.00803 0.20417 16.2 0.3019 0.98072 M−S 50 29 1.4 0.00969 0.30363 28.5 0.2441 0.99988 
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表 2 各吸附剂对Cd2+的吸附等温线参数
Table 2. Adsorption isotherm parameters of Cd2+ by adsorbents
材料 Langmuir 模型 Freundlich 模型 qm/(mg·g−1) KL/(L·mg−1) R2 1/n KF/(mg·g−1) R2 MT 32.1 0.01468 0.99538 0.57751 1.33748 0.95447 MoS2 23.5 0.01754 0.99704 0.56233 1.56736 0.9644 M−S 43.9 0.01396 0.99187 0.39623 4.20407 0.97335
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表 3 蒙脱石基吸附材料对Cd2+的吸附性能对比
Table 3. Comparison of Cd2+ adsorption properties of montmorillonite based adsorbents
吸附剂 Cd2+吸附量/(mg·g−1) 参考文献 蒙脱石−钢渣复合材料 9.76 24 改性蒙脱石 16.54 25 活性炭/钛柱撑蒙脱石 27.97 26 针铁矿−蒙脱石复合材料 19.95 27 碳改性铝柱蒙脱石 28.0 28 活性炭复合钛柱撑蒙脱石 27.5 29 蒙脱石/1T−MoS2复合材料 43.9 本工作
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