Optimizing the Key Parameters of Roof Cutting in Gob−side Entry Driving
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摘要:
经坊煤矿八采区西部运输巷为沿空掘巷，平均埋深约为420 m，护巷煤柱压力大、巷道容易变形失稳，为有效解决上述问题，以经坊煤矿八采区西部运输巷为工程背景，建立沿空掘巷切顶参数计算模型，对切顶高度和切顶角度的合理范围进行理论计算，得出切顶高度在14~32 m范围内，最小切顶角度为9°。采用FLAC3D数值模拟软件建立三维模拟计算力学模型，对比分析沿空掘巷不同切顶高度和切顶角度对巷道围岩应力及位移的变化规律，结果表明：在煤柱上方切断顶板可以降低煤柱的集中应力，减小护巷煤柱承担的载荷，阻断采空区的侧向支承压力向巷道传递，减小巷道的变形量，坚硬顶板切顶卸压存在一个最佳切顶方案，达到最佳卸压效果。经坊煤矿八采区西部运输巷最佳切顶高度为25 m、切顶角度为26°，该参数下，护巷煤柱最大垂直应力为24.2 MPa，巷道两帮收敛量为0.28 m，顶底板收敛量为0.17 m。
Abstract:The Western Transportation Roadway in the eighth mining area of Jingfang Coal Mine is a gob−side entry driving roadway with a buried depth of about 420 meters. The protective coal pillar of Western Transportation Roadway undertakes lots of load, and the roadway is easily destabilized. In order to effectively solve the above problems, taking the Western Transportation Roadway as the engineering background, the calculation models of roof cutting parameters were established, and the reasonable range of cutting height and angle were theoretically calculated, the results show that the roof cutting height is in the range of 14~32 meters, and the minimum roof cutting angle is 9°. FLAC3D numerical simulation software was used to establish three−dimensional simulation calculation mechanical models, and the variation law of stress and displacement of roadway surrounding rock under different roof cutting height and roof cutting angle were compared and analyzed. The results show that cutting the roof above the coal pillar can not only reduce the concentrated stress of the coal pillar, but also reduce the load borne by the coal pillar of the roadway, block the lateral abutment pressure of the goaf to the roadway, and reduce the deformation of the roadway. There is an optimal roof cutting scheme for hard roof cutting and pressure relief to achieve the best pressure relief effect. The optimal roof cutting height of the western transportation roadway in the eighth mining area of Jingfang Coal Mine is 25 meters, and the roof cutting angle is 26°. Under this parameter, the maximum vertical stress of the coal pillar is 24.2 MPa, the convergence of the two sides of the roadway is 0.28 meter, and the convergence of the roof and the floor is 0.17 m.
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表 1 工程地质岩层力学参数
Table 1. Rock mechanical parameters of engineering geology
岩性 平均
厚度
/m密度
/(kg∙m−3)体积
模量
/GPa剪切
模量
/GPa抗拉
强度
/MPa黏聚力
/MPa内摩擦
角/(°)细粒砂岩 16.3 2600 16.3 8.5 2.1 2.1 32 细砂岩 10 2650 17.1 7.8 2.5 3.1 31 粉砂岩 12.5 2600 18.0 8.4 2.0 2.5 32 细砂岩 15.2 2100 16.5 3.1 0.6 1.3 32 细粒砂岩 9.3 2100 16.2 3.1 0.6 1.3 28 砂质泥岩 7.1 2600 15.6 8.5 2.3 2.1 32 细粒砂岩 3.2 2100 15.2 3.1 0.6 1.3 28 砂质泥岩 2.4 2600 15.6 8.5 2.3 2.1 32 粉砂岩 5.2 2600 18.0 8.4 2.0 2.5 32 砂质泥岩 1.8 2600 15.6 8.5 2.3 2.1 32 中粒砂岩 4.8 2700 17.6 7.9 2.1 2.3 31 砂质泥岩 6.8 2600 15.6 8.5 2.3 2.1 32 泥岩 1.3 2500 7.6 2.5 2.1 2.1 30 3煤 6.4 2400 3.27 0.9 0.72 0.7 26 泥质砂岩 12.3 2600 15.6 8.5 2.3 2.1 32 中砂岩 17.7 2700 17.6 7.9 2.1 2.3 31 
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表 2 不同切顶角度实验方案
Table 2. Experimental scheme of cutting angle
序号 切顶角度/(°) 切顶高度/m 1 18 25 2 22 25 3 26 25 4 30 25 5 34 25
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