小煤柱工作面巷道变形机理与治理技术研究综述

郭飞; 吴少康; 唐东旭; 简丰坝; 杨如欣

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2025.08.002

小煤柱工作面巷道变形机理与治理技术研究综述

1.
中天合创能源有限责任公司，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017200

2.
中国矿业大学（北京）能源与矿业学院，北京 100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（52034009）;国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金重点项目（U23B2093）

详细信息

作者简介: 郭飞（1990—），男，江西吉安人，工程师，主要从事巷道支护研究，E-mail：595495803@qq.com

通讯作者: 吴少康（1996—），男，安徽安庆人，主要从事冲击地压及材料研发等研究，E-mail：wsk13037896248@126.com。

中图分类号: TD353

收稿日期: 2024-10-09

刊出日期: 2025-04-15

Review on Deformation Mechanism and Control Technology of Small Coal Pillar Working Face Roadway

1.
Zhongtian Hechuang Energy Co. Ordos 017200, Inner Mongolia, China

2.
School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology−Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: WU Shaokang, wsk13037896248@126.com

Received Date: 09 October 2024

Publish Date: 15 April 2025

摘要

摘要:
随着煤炭资源开采深度和强度的不断加大，小煤柱工作面巷道的稳定性问题愈发突出。本文综合分析了小煤柱工作面巷道变形的机理及相应的治理技术。在变形机理方面，详细阐述了采动应力、围岩性质和煤柱尺寸等因素对巷道变形的影响。采动引发的应力重新分布导致围岩应力集中，而围岩的软弱性质和不合理的煤柱尺寸则进一步加剧了巷道的变形。关于治理技术，重点介绍了加强支护、优化煤柱设计和注浆加固等方法。加强支护主要采用锚杆、锚索等联合支护方式，以提高巷道的承载能力；优化煤柱设计则通过理论分析和数值模拟，确定合理的煤柱尺寸和布置方案；注浆加固则能够改善围岩的物理力学性能，增强其稳定性。同时，研究还指出，在实际应用中，应根据具体的地质条件和开采情况，综合运用多种治理技术，以实现最佳的治理效果。然而，当前的研究仍存在一些不足之处，例如对复杂地质条件下小煤柱工作面巷道变形的预测精度有待提高，以及治理技术的成本效益分析尚不完善等。未来的研究需要进一步深入，以更好地保障煤矿的安全生产和高效开采。
- 小煤柱 /
- 变形机理 /
- 采动应力 /
- 注浆加固 /
- 承载能力
Abstract:
With the increasing mining depth and intensity of coal resources, the stability problem of small coal pillar working faces has become increasingly prominent. This paper comprehensively analyzes the deformation mechanism of small coal pillar working faces and the corresponding treatment technologies. Regarding the deformation mechanism, the influences of mining stress, surrounding rock properties, and coal pillar size on roadway deformation are discussed in detail. The redistribution of stress due to mining results in stress concentration of the surrounding rock, and the weakness of the surrounding rock and the unreasonable coal pillar size further exacerbate the roadway deformation. As for the treatment technologies, the methods of strengthening support, optimizing coal pillar design, and grouting reinforcement are introduced. To enhance the load−bearing capacity of the roadway, combined support methods like anchor rods and anchor cables are mainly adopted for strengthening support. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the optimal coal pillar design can determine the reasonable coal pillar size and layout scheme. Grouting reinforcement can improve the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock and boost its stability. Meanwhile, the study also indicates that in practical applications, a variety of treatment technologies should be comprehensively utilized according to specific geological and mining conditions to achieve the best treatment effect. However, there are still some deficiencies in the current research. For example, the prediction accuracy of roadway deformation in small coal pillar working faces under complex geological conditions needs to be enhanced, and the cost−benefit analysis of treatment technologies is not flawless. Future research requires further in−depth exploration to better ensure the safe production and efficient mining of coal mines.
- small pillars of coal /
- deformation mechanism /
- mining stress /
- grouting reinforcement /
- carrying capacity

HTML全文

图 1 煤体垂直应力分布^[19]

Figure 1.

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图 2 巷道顶板结构窥视图^[20]（单位m）

Figure 2.

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图 3 不同煤柱尺寸对应的垂直应力分布^[28]

Figure 3.

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图 4 煤柱两侧支护结构分析

Figure 4.

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图 5 推进速度与覆岩破坏特征关系^[38]

Figure 5.

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图 6 锚杆索叠加机理

Figure 6.

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图 7 巷道卸压原理^[54]

Figure 7.

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图 8 卸压措施前后效果

Figure 8.

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