Lead Isotope Geochemistry in the Qulong-Jiama-Bangpu Ore Concentrated Area of Tibet
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摘要: 驱龙-甲玛-邦铺铜多金属矿集区是西藏冈底斯成矿带上的重要矿集区,铜资源量超过1500万吨。前人研究认为三个矿床成矿物质来源于岩浆,但未讨论不同时代、不同矿化的岩浆岩铅同位素与矿石铅同位素组成的关系,并缺乏从矿集区尺度来分析。本文通过分析已发表的矿石、岩浆岩和地层铅同位素数据,认为驱龙、甲玛、邦铺矿床矿石铅与中新世含矿斑岩铅同位素特征基本一致,区别于与成矿无关的岩浆岩铅同位素组成。空间上,从南西的驱龙,至甲玛,至北东的邦铺,成矿年龄从老到新,铅同位素演化规律明显,放射成因铅递增(矿石206Pb/204Pb平均值18.521→18.644→18.684)。这种铅同位素地球化学特征不仅指示了成矿物质来自岩浆,并可区分与成矿有关和无关的岩浆岩,同时指示了成矿期岩浆岩与成矿关系的密切程度。Abstract: The Qulong-Jiama-Bangpu copper polymetallic ore concentration area is one of the most important areas in the Gangdese metallogenic belt of Tibet with more than 15 million tons of copper resources. Ore-forming materials for three deposits were considered to be derived from magma. However, the relationship between magma with different degrees of mineralization and times and copper mineralization are unknown, especially on a regional scale. By collecting the published lead isotope data of ores, intrusions and strata from these three deposits, the lead isotopic composition of ores from Qulong, Jiama and Bangpu are were found to be similar to those of Miocene ore-bearing porphyries but different from those of intrusions unrelated to mineralization. Spatially, from Qulong in the southwest, to Jiama, and to Bangpu in the northeast, the mineralization ages range from old to young, and lead isotopes evolve obviously with radiogenic lead increments (average 206Pb/204Pb values of ores 18.521→18.644→18.684). Lead isotope geochemistry not only indicates the magma source, but also can differentiate between ore-related intrusions from ore-barren intrusions and suggest the relationship between intrusion and mineralization.
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表 1 矿集区铅同位素特征
Table 1. Lead isotope characteristics of three deposits in this area
矿床 驱龙矿床 甲玛矿床 邦铺矿床 最小值 最大值 平均值 变化性 最小值 最大值 平均值 变化性 最小值 最大值 平均值 变化性 矿石 206Pb/204Pb 18.443 18.591 18.521 0.8 18.557 18.752 18.644 1.05 18.45 18.88 18.684 2.331 矿石 207Pb/204Pb 15.576 15.615 15.594 0.25 15.597 15.686 15.63 0.57 15.609 15.824 15.677 1.377 矿石 208Pb/204Pb 38.557 38.857 38.718 0.78 38.904 39.135 38.995 0.59 38.715 39.726 39.168 2.611 岩浆岩 206Pb/204Pb 18.51 18.608 18.547 0.53 18.628 18.765 18.689 0.74 18.742 18.789 18.764 0.251 岩浆岩 207Pb/204Pb 15.595 15.733 15.647 0.88 15.616 15.626 15.62 0.06 15.656 15.704 15.674 0.307 岩浆岩 208Pb/204Pb 38.682 39.153 38.859 1.22 38.924 38.997 38.955 0.19 39.178 39.294 39.25 0.296 赋矿地层 206Pb/204Pb - - - - 17.28 17.38 17.33 0.58 - - - - 赋矿地层 207Pb/204Pb - - - - 15.21 15.25 15.23 0.26 - - - - 赋矿地层 208Pb/204Pb - - - - 37.84 37.91 37.875 0.18 - - - - 注：数据收集自文献 [9-14, 29]。 
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