Comprehensive identification of sediment source in the First Member of Huangliu Formation in Yinggehai Basin
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摘要:
通过重矿物直观比对法确定了莺歌海盆地黄流组一段沉积物中各物源区的重矿物特征，并初步认识了其古母岩特征。研究区周围存在三大主要物源区，即海南岛、越南北部（红河）及越南中部。结果表明，越南物源以铁矿物、钛矿等沉积岩型重矿物组合为主；海南物源以锆石、电气石、金红石等酸性火山岩型重矿物组合为主。基于余弦距离及皮尔森相关系数的谱系聚类结果表明，莺歌海盆地黄流组一段锆石、电气石、金红石、锐钛矿、白钛矿等矿物受成岩作用影响较小，为该时期的稳定矿物组合。综合稳定重矿物复杂拓扑网络、地震属性、地震剖面及锆石年龄等方法对主导物源区进行划分，确定了莺歌海盆地东方13区及东方1区的部分扇体主要受控于越北红河物源，东方13区及东方29区的绝大多数扇体主要受越中物源及海南北部物源的双重影响，乐东区受控于海南南部物源。基于海南南部物源的古物源分布模式，建立了重矿物-地震特征-锆石年代学的物源识别方法。
Abstract:The characteristics of heavy mineral assemblages from each sediment provenance of the Huangliu Formation in the Yinggehai Basin were determined in intuitive comparison method, from which the characteristics of ancient parent rockswere clarified. There are three main provenances around the research area, namely Hainan Island, northern Vietnam (Red River), and central Vietnam. Results indicate that the provenances from Vietnam are mainly composed of sedimentary rock typed iron and titanium minerals, and other sedimentary rock typed ones alike, while the Hainan provenance is mainly composed of acidic volcanic rock typed heavy mineral assemblages including zircon, tourmaline, and rutile. The spectral clustering results based on cosine distance and Pearson correlation coefficient show that zircon, tourmaline, rutile, anatase, and perovskite in the Huangliu Formation are less affected by diagenesis and thus are stable minerals . The dominant source areas were divided using complex topological networks of stable heavy minerals, seismic attributes, seismic profiles, and zircon ages. It was determined that some fan bodies in the Dongfang 13 and 1 areas of the Yinggehai Basin were controlled mostly by the northern Vietnam (Red River) provenance, while the vast majority of fans in the Dongfang 13 and 29 areas were affected jointly by the central Vietnam and northern Hainan provenances. The Ledong area was controlled by the southern Hainan source. Therefore, a comprehensive method to determine provenance was established combining heavy mineral assemblage, seismic attribute, and zircon chronology.
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表 1 黄流组一段取芯井重矿物含量范围
Table 1. Content range of heavy minerals in coring wells in the First Member of Huangliu Formation
锆石 电气石 石榴石 帘石类 磁铁矿 赤褐铁矿 白钛矿 绿泥石 角闪石 榍石 金红石 十字石 最大值/% 64.2 20.2 37.7 3.2 38.7 99.8 92.9 3.2 8.9 9.5 6.7 9.5 最小值/% 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 0 0.9 0.2 0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 板钛矿 辉石 红柱石 磷灰石 独居石 硬石膏 重晶石 碳酸盐 闪锌矿 海绿石 锐钛矿 黄铁矿 最大值/% 1.8 38.1 0.7 3.5 3.2 4.1 95.6 9.1 1.2 1.3 19.4 89.9 最小值/% 0 0.1 0.2 0 0 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0 0.3 0.2 蓝锥矿 刚玉 橄榄石 黑云母 萤石 硬绿泥石 蓝晶石 铜矿物 未定矿 尖晶石 富铝红柱石 霓辉石 最大值/% 0.2 8.5 0.8 3.2 0.4 3 2.7 0.6 0.3 3.5 1.4 11.2 最小值/% 0 0.2 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 
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表 2 不同母岩重矿物组合特征[32]
Table 2. Characteristics of heavy mineral assemblies from different parent rocks [32]
重矿物 母岩 磷灰石、黑云母、板钛矿、角闪石、独居石、白云母、金红石、榍石、电气石、锆石 酸性火山岩 锡石、蓝线石、萤石、石榴石、独居石、白云母、黄玉、电气石、黑钨矿、磷钇矿 花岗伟晶岩 辉石、铬铁矿、透辉石、紫苏辉石、钛铁矿、磁铁矿、橄榄石、尖晶石 基性火山岩 红柱石、硅镁石、刚玉、石榴石、金云母、十字石、黄玉、浮山石、硅灰石、黝帘石 接触变质岩 红柱石、硬绿泥石、绿帘石、石榴石、蓝闪石、蓝晶石、硅线石、十字石、榍石、黝帘石–斜黝帘石 热动力变质岩 重晶石、铁矿、白钛石、金红石、电气石、锆石 再旋回沉积岩
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指数名称 涉及矿物 指数定义 GZi 石榴子石、锆石 100×石榴子（/ 石榴子石+锆石） RZi TiO2矿物、锆石 100×TiO2矿物（/ TiO2矿物+锆石） RuZi 金红石、锆石 100×金红石（/ 金红石+锆石） ZTR 锆石、电气石、金红石 100×（锆石+电气石+金红石）/透明重矿物 POS 辉石、橄榄石、尖晶石 100×（辉石+橄榄石+尖晶石）/透明重矿物 %ZR 锆石、金红石、电气石 100×（锆石+金红石）（/ 锆石+金红石+电气石） %Op 所有重矿物 100×不透明重矿物/总的重矿物
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