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摘要:
为了揭示兴城滨海平原区海水入侵过程中地下水化学成分演化规律和复杂的水文地球化学作用,在兴城河曹庄镇段至烟台河沙后所镇段内采集了44个地下水样本和1个海水样本,测定其水化学成分及氢氧同位素,通过分析其变化特征探讨兴城典型海水入侵区的水文地球化学特征及其形成作用。结果表明:①区内地下水化学场呈明显的水平分带性,水质由内陆到滨海依次为淡水、微咸水-咸水,地下淡水的水化学类型主要为HCO3-Ca、HCO3·Cl-Ca以及SO4-Ca型等,微咸水及咸水的水化学类型主要为Cl-Na型或Cl-Ca型;②区内地下水主要由大气降水补给,地下淡水主要受控于溶滤作用,而微咸水因受到蒸发作用及混合作用影响,造成氧漂移;③微咸水以Cl−组分为代表的海水与淡水混合比例为0.45%~3.46%,咸水的混合比例约为15.85%,微咸水、咸水的形成为混合作用、蒸发浓缩作用以及阳离子交替吸附作用等共同影响所致。
Abstract:To reveal the evolution of groundwater chemical composition and the complex hydrogeochemical interactions due to the seawater intrusion in Xingcheng coastal plain, Liaoning, NE China, 44 groundwater samples and 1 seawater sample were collected from the Caozhuang Town section at Xingcheng River to Shahouzuo Town section at Yantai River. The chemical composition, and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of the samples were determined. The hydrogeochemical characteristics and formation processes in typical seawater intrusion areas and their variations were analyzed. Results show that, the chemical field of groundwater in the area exhibited obvious horizontal zonation, and the water quality changed from freshwater to brackish water and to saline water successively from inland to coastal areas. The chemical types of groundwater were mainly HCO3-Ca, HCO3·Cl-Ca, and SO4-Ca, while those of brackish water and salt water were mainly Cl-Na or Cl-Ca. Groundwater in the area was recharged by mainly atmospheric precipitation, with groundwater in the inland freshwater mainly controlled by dissolution and filtration processes, while brackish water was influenced by evaporation and mixing processes, leading to oxygen drift; The mixing ratio of seawater represented by Cl component with freshwater in brackish water ranges from 0.45% to 3.46%, while the mixing ratio of saline water was about 15.85%. The formation of brackish water and saline water was due to the combined effects of mixing, evaporation concentration, and cation exchange adsorption.
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表 1 地下水水化学参数特征值统计
Table 1. Statistics of groundwater hydrochemical parameters
指标 pH TDS/(mg/L) Na+/(mg/L) K+/(mg/L) Mg2+/(mg/L) Ca2+/(mg/L) Cl−/(mg/L) SO42−/(mg/L) HCO3−/(mg/L) 平均值 7.754 824.464 137.737 8.249 28.903 95.552 228.936 110.271 144.525 最小值 6.63 256.215 15.319 0 7.764 25.978 17.962 17.814 52.46 最大值 11.9 5 449.67 1 714.188 142.231 158.752 215.339 2 645.812 697.507 403.82 标准偏差 0.86 801.885 274.655 23.14 24.906 39.151 419.23 108.245 76.418 变异系数 11.091 97.261 199.405 280.518 86.171 40.973 183.121 98.163 52.875 -
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