Paleo-environmental response and organic matter enrichment of Late Permian shale in Kaijiang-Liangping Trough under frequent transgressive retrogression
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摘要:
二叠纪晚期为地质历史上重要的转折期，在频繁的海平面变化下，重建这一时期研究区页岩沉积环境，并讨论海平面升降对有机质富集的影响尤为重要。碳同位素、显微组分、主微量元素等分析结果表明：晚二叠世页岩TOC含量为0.12%～14.5%，平均为6.14%，有机质类型主要为Ⅱ1型，处于过成熟演化阶段；研究区频繁海平面升降导致沉积环境变化复杂：处于半湿润-半干旱性气候，具有厌氧-贫氧-厌氧的演化过程，古生产力经历了低-高-低的变化，且存在热液活动；晚二叠世有机质富集主控因素为古生产力，且发生6次有机质大量富集，海平面频繁升降导致古生产力驱动因素复杂多样：海平面上升时，上升流作为媒介运输热液活动带来的营养物质造成生产力的繁盛，而海平面下降时陆源碎屑输入作为主要物质来源促进古生产力。
Abstract:The Late Permian is an important transition period in geological history. The shale sedimentary environment in the study area during this period was reconstructed under frequent sea level changes, and the influence of sea level rise and fall on organic matter enrichment was discussed. The analysis of carbon isotopes, maceral components, major and trace elements shows that TOC in the Upper Permian shale ranges from 0.12% to 14.5%, on average of 6.14%, and the organic matter type is type I to III, which was in the stage of over-mature evolution. The frequent sea level rise and fall in the study area led to complex changes in the sedimentary environment under semi-humid to semi-arid climate in anaerobic-anoxic-anaerobic evolution, and the paleoproductivity underwent low-high-low changes with hydrothermal activities. The dominant factor of organic matter enrichment in the Late Permian was paleoproductivity, and there were 6 times of massive organic matter enrichment in the whole period. Frequent sea level rise and fall led to complex and diverse driving factors of paleoproductivity. When sea level rose, upwelling acted to transport nutrients brought by hydrothermal activities, which enhanced the productivity, while when sea level fell, terrigenous clastic input acted as the main material source to promote paleoproductivity.
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表 1 川东地区D1井晚二叠世实测样品地球化学特征数据
Table 1. Geochemical characteristics of the Late Permian measured samples from Well D1 in the eastern Sichuan
样品编号 Ro/% δ13CV-PDB/‰ 腐泥组% 壳质组% 镜质组% 惰性组% D1-T1 2.09 −28.466 73 0 10 17 D1-T2 2.48 −27.144 28 0 20 52 D1-T3 2.62 −26.492 49 0 14 37 D1-T4 3 −26.454 22 6 27 45 D1-T5 2.7 −23.24 36 14 21 29 D1-T6 2.77 −22.497 28 18 22 32 
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表 2 四川盆地开江-梁平海槽晚二叠世页岩主量元素分析结果
Table 2. Results of main element analysis of the Late Permian shale in Kaijiang-Liangping Trough, Sichuan Basin
% 样品编号 SiO2 Al2O3 MgO CaO Na2O K2O MnO TiO2 P2O5 D1-1 54.47 5.21 0.96 11.60 0.66 1.16 0.02 0.20 0.05 D1-2 51.04 4.70 0.81 11.50 0.74 1.02 0.02 0.16 0.09 D1-3 42.13 11.66 1.11 16.45 1.68 2.41 0.04 0.21 0.03 D1-4 36.40 9.66 3.98 18.90 1.48 2.06 0.07 0.22 0.03 D1-5 47.19 22.88 1.89 0.63 0.99 4.33 0.05 0.31 0.05 D1-6 37.91 8.07 1.09 16.45 1.64 1.59 0.04 0.19 0.52 D1-7 44.34 13.00 1.07 8.37 1.50 2.64 0.07 0.31 0.21 D1-8 60.65 4.13 0.55 10.15 0.48 0.93 0.12 0.18 0.47 D1-9 60.98 7.34 0.72 3.82 0.63 1.91 0.13 0.29 0.87 D1-10 60.16 9.79 1.06 1.43 0.65 2.71 0.21 0.40 0.06 D1-11 42.72 16.56 1.48 5.24 0.60 0.60 0.01 0.56 3.24 D1-12 43.11 7.07 0.51 16.15 0.50 0.50 0.33 0.27 7.96 D1-13 42.41 7.84 1.79 16.40 0.54 0.54 1.08 0.30 0.19 D1-14 44.19 5.74 0.49 17.50 0.49 1.96 0.04 0.40 0.05 D1-15 16.76 1.95 11.90 28.4 0.15 0.15 1.02 0.09 0.12 D1-16 31.35 14.51 1.67 1.94 0.74 0.74 0.31 1.28 0.10 D1-17 37.87 19.66 1.80 3.46 0.98 0.98 0.22 2.23 0.13 D1-18 27.59 20.35 0.40 0.43 2.00 1.46 0.01 2.03 0.05 D1-19 8.20 5.89 0.29 0.09 0.34 0.34 0.03 0.54 ＜0.01 D1-20 35.04 24.43 0.57 0.39 1.94 1.94 0.07 3.34 0.06 D1-21 46.00 31.55 0.57 0.23 2.42 2.42 ＜0.01 5.03 0.07
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表 3 四川盆地开江-梁平海槽晚二叠世页岩微量元素分析结果
Table 3. Analysis results of trace elements in the Late Permian shale in Kaijiang-Liangping Trough, Sichuan Basin
μg/g 样品编号 V Cr Sr Rb Ba Pb Th Cu Ni Co Cd Mo U Zr D1-1 1135 300 4560 47.80 120 10.50 3.31 115.50 226.00 11.60 15.80 118 12.95 72 D1-2 1735 230 1115 39.60 166.50 12.50 4.15 75.50 263.00 12.80 19.20 370 23.80 61 D1-3 666 130 1230 84.50 184 20.40 12.05 52.30 94.40 8.20 9.07 25.5 6.35 83 D1-4 524 120 1230 75.50 186 13.70 9.22 50.10 90.90 8.90 6.08 21.80 8.96 70 D1-5 1870 90 136.5 113.50 210 72.10 31.50 51.50 49.10 5.30 16.60 40.60 6.82 214 D1-6 1070 360 6660 53.80 342 16.80 12.65 127 143.00 10.60 11.40 70.30 29.20 95 D1-7 789 210 797 77.90 198.5 32.40 22.20 77 167.50 11.80 9.13 58.80 15.45 103 D1-8 444 280 870 38 110.5 7.70 3.02 84.3 161.00 9.60 2.57 32.60 16.65 65 D1-9 418 320 294 73.30 183.5 9.80 5.50 146 313.00 18.60 14.05 18.85 17.30 118 D1-10 460 300 128 101.50 216 25.00 7.39 132.50 285.00 19.40 8.01 27.40 8.08 180 D1-11 726 390 1765 115.0 234 62.6 36.8 86.3 193.0 10.2 7.97 56.0 94.7 91 D1-12 307 290 378 80.9 441 12.1 5.43 178.5 277 17.3 3.46 12.50 51.6 523 D1-13 238 140 1230 78.9 182 26.8 6.41 100.5 326 20.9 1.49 10.70 8.23 102 D1-14 825 220 788 63.80 126 13.10 3.92 104.50 135.50 15.20 7.25 44.20 18.30 150 D1-15 21 20 76.9 17.9 229 6.0 1.71 8.1 39.6 2.7 0.11 0.40 2.15 122 D1-16 145 110 488 48.6 154.5 12.0 9.32 54.8 62.0 35.0 0.10 2.29 1.66 965 D1-17 210 140 410 60.9 202 15.1 17.30 92.7 70.0 40.5 0.12 4.74 3.34 773 D1-18 781 120 266 22.70 10000 11.80 16.10 171.50 29.10 9.30 0.67 8.54 28.00 455 D1-19 96 40 425 7.8 66.8 59.7 3.00 93.4 214 102.5 0.35 55.1 1.94 1470 D1-20 346 180 1095 31.5 239 10.8 16.25 194.5 45.2 25.2 0.01 5.15 9.77 30 D1-21 606 180 379 46.6 355 11.4 25.2 229 34.4 11.1 0.01 5.02 12.60 614
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