Distribution and sources of organic matter in surface sediment near the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
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摘要:
为了研究港珠澳大桥附近沉积有机质（SOM）的分布及来源，于2021年5月在港珠澳大桥附近水域采集了58个表层沉积物样品, 并对它们的粒度、总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）含量和有机碳同位素组成（δ13Corg）数据进行了分析，对沉积有机质的空间分布规律及来源进行了研究。结果显示，研究区TOC含量介于0.17%～1.19%，TOC/TN比值为8～18，δ13Corg值为−31‰～−22‰。综合利用TOC/TN比值与δ13Corg值将沉积有机质划分为3种类型：第1类为伶仃洋现代河口沉积有机质，来源于流域土壤、淡水藻类和海洋藻类，平均占比分别为61%、11%和28%；第2、3类沉积有机质来源于第四纪陆相地层，随着大桥海底隧道基坑开挖被搬运至其北侧附近和大桥中西部局部，呈斑块状分布。相关性分析表明，粒度是沉积有机质富集的主控因素，但对第1类沉积物中不同来源有机质的富集控制存在空间差异。大桥施工等人为活动导致表层沉积物中有机质类型由海相向陆源转变，建议未来更多地关注伶仃洋表层沉积物变化对海域生态环境产生的影响。
Abstract:To study the distribution and sources of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) near the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB), 58 surface sediment samples were collected in the waters of the HZMB in the Lingdingyang Bay (LDB) in May 2021. The grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) contents, and organic carbon stable isotope (δ13Corg) composition of the samples were analyzed. The spatial distribution and sources of SOM were studied. Results show that the TOC content ranged from 0.17% to 1.19%, TOC/TN ratio was between 8 and 18, and δ13Corg value was −31‰～−22‰. The SOM could be divided into three types based on the TOC/TN ratio and δ13Corg value. Type I SOM belonged to the recent sediment in LDB, derived from soil organic matter, freshwater algae, and marine algae in the proportion of 61%, 11%, and 28%, respectively. Type II and type III SOM were likely derived from the Quaternary terrestrial strata. As the foundation pit of the undersea tunnel for immersed tube of the bridge was excavated, types II and III SOM were transported to the northern side and the central-western parts of the bridge, showing a patchy distribution. Correlation analysis indicates that grain size was the controlling factor on the enrichment of SOM. However, there were spatial differences for SOM of different sources in Type I sediment. The construction of HZMB and other human activities have changed the SOM types from marine to terrestrial sources. It is suggested that the impact of surface sediment changes on the marine ecological environment in the LDB should be evaluated in future studies.
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Key words:
- surface sediment /
- organic carbon /
- source /
- grain size /
- Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
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表 1 不同年份伶仃洋表层沉积物有机质TOC/TN比值与δ13Corg值
Table 1. TOC/TN ratios and δ13Corg values of surface sediments collected in different years in the Lingdingyang Bay
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