Diagenesis and prediction of high quality reservoirs in the Oligocene Weizhou Formation in the Weixi’nan Sag of the Beibu Gulf Basin, South China Sea
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摘要:
为探究南海北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷涠洲组碎屑岩成岩作用及优质储层发育规律，以涠洲X油田涠洲组三段为例，通过薄片鉴定、扫描电镜分析、阴极发光和成岩数值模拟等方法，深入分析成岩作用类型及机理、成岩演化序列、成岩相划分，并开展优质储层主控因素分析及优选。结果表明：研究区涠三段储层压实作用中等，以点-线或线接触为主；胶结作用以不同类型黏土矿物为主，总体处于中成岩A12-A21微期有利阶段；研究区经历了酸性和碱性溶蚀作用，以典型高岭石和绿泥石酸-碱性溶蚀作用产物最为突出；分流河道A11微期高岭石和分流河道A12微期高岭石沉积-成岩相是研究区优质储层发育相带。
Abstract:To explore the diagenesis and development pattern of quality reservoirs in the Weizhou Formation in the Weixi'nan Sag, Beibu Gulf Basin, South China Sea, taking the Third Member of the Oligocene Weizhou Formation in the Weizhou X Oilfield as an example, the types and mechanisms of diagenesis, the sequence of diagenetic evolution, and the division and distribution of diagenetic facies were analyzed in depth through techniques such as thin section microscopy identification, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, and numerical simulation of diagenesis. The main controlling factors and selection of quality reservoirs were determined. Results show that the compaction effect of the reservoir in the Third Member is moderate showing mainly point-line or line-line contact. Different types of clay minerals were involved in the cementation process, which occurred in mainly the favorable stage of A12-A21 micro-facies of diagenesis. The research area has experienced acidic and then alkaline dissolution and the most prominent products are the acid-alkaline dissolution products of typical kaolinite and chlorite. The sedimentary diagenetic micro-facies of A12 in distributary channel are the favorite zones of development of quality reservoirs in the study area.
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Key words:
- diagenesis /
- sedimentary diagenetic facies /
- high quality reservoir /
- Weizhou Formation /
- Weixi'nan Sag
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表 1 涠三段不同沉积微相控制下的砂体孔渗统计
Table 1. Statistic of sand porosity and permeability in different sedimentary microfacies of theThird Member of the Oligocene Weizhou Formation (Ew3)
沉积微相 渗透率/10−3 μm2 孔隙度/% 分下分流河道 
水下分流河道侧缘 
水下分流间湾 
注： 
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表 2 涠三段不同成岩相典型特征对比
Table 2. Comparison of typical characteristics of different diagenetic facies in the Third Member of the Oligocene Weizhou Formation (Ew3)
A11高岭石成岩相 A12绿泥石成岩相 A12高岭石成岩相 A21高岭石成岩相 储层类型 Ⅰ类 Ⅱ类 Ⅰ类 Ⅱ类 典型井 B33S1 A5、4 A5 A7 埋深/m 2 300～2 400 2 400～2 500（A5）
2 600～2 700（4）2 500～2 600 2 700～3 000 成岩阶段 A11 A12 A12 A21 黏土矿物 高岭石为主 绿泥石为主 高岭石为主 高岭石为主 沉积微相 分流河道 分流河道 分流河道 分流河道为主，混有河道侧缘和分流间湾 颗粒粒度/Φ 3.1 2.67 2.67 2.68 分选系数 1.85 2.97 2.97 4 孔隙度/% 19.1 12.5 16.7 15 渗透率/10−3 μm2 127.1 10.3 119.9 16.7
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