Pumping tests analyses of a heterogeneous pore aquifer based on the Generalized Radial Flow model
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摘要:
Theis模型、Dupuit模型等经典井流模型分析非均质含水层井流试验数据有一定的局限性，获取的参数不适合表征非均质含水层特性。而GRF模型可以获取含水层流动特性的数据。相比于Theis模型、Dupuit模型，GRF模型更能表征非均质含水层特性。以黄石东湖新村棋盘洲长江大桥的抽水试验数据为例，采用Theis模型和GRF模型计算含水层渗透系数，结合实际水文地质条件，对比分析不同方法计算的水文地质参数，并计算含水层水流维数和表观压力传导系数（Kf /Ssf）。结果表明：研究区含水层为细砂夹条带状黏土透镜体的非均质含水层，采用GRF模型计算结果更符合实际情况，渗透系数为 4.09×10−3cm/s；含水层水流维数为1.61，地下水为双线性流动状态，含水层对抽水试验的响应主要受黏土条带控制；观测井和抽水主井的Kf /Ssf呈非线性相关，进一步验证了含水层的非均质性。在非均质孔隙含水层中，应用多孔联合非稳定GRF井流试验方法不仅能确定水文地质参数，并且能丰富对含水层特性的认知。
Abstract:Classical models such as the Theis model and Dupuit model have certain limitations in analyzing pumping test data of heterogeneous aquifers, and the obtained parameters are not suitable for characterizing the heterogeneous aquifers. The GRF model, however, can obtain the data of flow characteristics of aquifers, which can better characterize the characteristics of heterogeneous aquifers than the Theis model and Dupuit model do. Based on the pumping test data of the Qianchenzhou Yangtze River Bridge in East Lake New Village of Huangshi, the Theis model and GRF model are used to calculate the aquiferous water flow dimension and the apparent hydraulic diffusion coefficient (Kf /Ssf ), and the hydrological geological parameters calculated by different methods are combined with the actual hydrological geological conditions. The results show that the aquifer in the study area is a heterogeneous aquifer with fine sand intercalated with banded clay lens, so it is more reasonable to use the GRF model to calculate the parameters. The coefficient of permeability is 4.09×10−3 cm/s, and the flow dimension is 1.61. The flow regime is equivalent to the bilinear one, and the aquifer response to pumping is governed by the clay strip. The non-linear correlation of Kf /Ssf between the observation wells and pumping wells further confirms the heterogeneity of the aquifers. In the heterogeneous pore aquifers, the application of the porous combined unstable GRF well flow test method can not only determine hydrogeological parameters, but also enrich the cognition of aquifer characteristics.
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Key words:
- heterogeneous porous medium /
- pumping test /
- coefficient of permeability /
- GRF model /
- flow dimension
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表 1 抽水试验设计降深
Table 1. Design drawdown of the pumping test
孔号 水位埋深/m 水位降深/m 抽水流量Q
/（m３·d−1）主井A 7.02 5.20 227.52 6.63 8.07 606.24 6.90 12.70 772.08 主井B 8.43 4.98 309.12 8.43 6.73 394.32 8.32 9.33 463.92 
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表 2 含水层水流维数
Table 2. Water flow dimension of the aquifer
抽水—观测系统 主井降深/m 含水层水流维数n 水流维数平均值 主井A 观测井1 5.20 1.51 1.61 8.07 1.65 12.70 1.60 主井B 观测井2
观测井34.98 1.58 1.62 6.73 1.63 1.63 9.33 1.66 1.65
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表 3 不同方法计算的渗透系数
Table 3. Coefficient of permeability calculated by different methods
抽水—观测系统 主井降深/m 渗透系数/（10−4cm·s−1） 平均渗透系数/（10−4cm·s−1） Theis模型 GRF模型 Theis模型 GRF模型 主井A 观测井1 5.20 2.20 89.9 2.47 40.9 8.07 2.97 47.0 12.7 1.54 13.5 主井B 观测井2
观测井34.98 2.69 75.9 2.37 18.8 6.73 3.10 60.3 2.40 23.6 9.33 3.00 24.5 1.97 14.3
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