Experimental study of the strengthening efficiency of engineering waste sludge using electro-osmosis
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摘要:
目前城市化进程的加剧产生了大量的工程废泥，亟需进行适当处理，而传统的处理方式脱水效果难以达到预期目标。电渗法由于在软基处理和污泥加固方面拥有很大的发展潜力而受到广泛关注，因此国内外专家针对快速脱水、降低初始含水率等方面开展相关研究，但对电渗效率的认识存在不足。文章基于杭州某工程废泥，分别采用金属电极和惰性电极，在不同电源电压下开展试验研究，从总能耗、有效能耗和电极损耗3个方面对电渗加固效率进行探讨，根据试验结果和电渗理论模型对有效能耗系数与有效电压的关系进行了分析。结果表明：总能耗和有效能耗随电压增大而增大，且电压越大，总能耗和有效能耗的增加幅度也越大；总电渗效率和有效电渗效率随电源电压增大而降低；电极材料类型对总电渗效率影响较小，对有效电渗效率的影响通过有效电压间接实现，这是因为阳极板存在不同程度的损耗，降低了有效电渗效率；有效能耗系数与有效电压之间近似线性相关；低电压阻碍电渗效果的发挥，高电压不利于电渗效率的发展，实际工程中，应综合考虑电渗效果和效率选取适当电源电压值。基于试验结果可以有效减少电渗能耗，为电渗技术在实际工程的进一步推广应用提供科学依据。
Abstract:The intensification of urbanization has resulted in a significant increase in the generation of engineering waste sludge. Traditional treatment methods on engineering waste sludge often fail to achieve desired dewatering targets. Electroosmosis has garnered considerable attention for its substantial potential in soft ground treatment and sludge consolidation. Consequently, both domestic and international experts have studied rapid dewatering and reducing initial moisture content. However, there is still an incomplete understanding regarding the efficiency of electroosmosis. A series of experiments were performed under different potentials with Hangzhou engineering waste sludge, using ferrum and graphite electrodes. Electro-osmotic efficiency was analyzed in terms of total energy consumption, effective energy consumption, and electrode loss. The relationship between the effective energy coefficient and effective potential was explored based on the experimental results and theoretical models. It was found that total and effective energy consumptions increase with the potential. The rates of increase are larger with higher potentials. Total and effective electro-osmotic efficiency decreases with the increasing potentials. Electrode materials possess little influence on the electro-osmotic efficiency, but have indirect impact through effective potential due to the anode material loss. A linear relationship was obtained between the effective energy coefficient and effective potential. Low voltage is a disadvantage to the electro-osmotic effect, while high voltage is a disadvantage to electro-osmotic efficiency. Therefore, both the electro-osmotic effect and efficiency should be considered when determining the optimal voltage value in practice. The experimental results on the significant reduction of the energy consumption of electroosmosis can provide a scientific basis for the further promotion and application of electroosmotic technology in practical engineering projects.
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Key words:
- electro-osmosis /
- potential /
- ferrum electrode /
- graphite electrode /
- electro-osmotic efficiency
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表 1 原状土样基本工程指标
Table 1. Engineering parameters of the original soil
土样 密度/（g·cm−3） 含水率/% 比重 孔隙比 液限/% 塑限/% 压缩系数/MPa−1 颗粒组成/% 砂粒 粉粒 黏粒 淤泥 1.58 58.3 2.75 1.76 45.4 24.0 1.55 7 32 61 
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表 2 试验条件汇总表
Table 2. Summary of the experimental conditions
试验编号 电极材料 初始含水率/% 电源电压/V 试验时间/h T1 T1.1 铁 106.2 30 29 T1.2 碳 106.5 T2 T2.1 铁 95.0 15 29 T2.2 碳 92.6 T3 T3.1 铁 95.4 10 29 T3.2 碳 95.3
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