Experimental study on the synergistic effect of coir fiber and lime to improve soil performance
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摘要:
为了解决黏土工程性质差和椰壳纤维利用率低的问题，采用椰壳纤维与石灰协同对黏土进行加固，研究出一种绿色环保、性能高强的土体。通过击实试验、无侧限抗压强度试验研究了纤维掺量、石灰掺量等因素对加固黏土早期击实特性、抗压强度、变形特性、变形模量的影响，并通过扫描电镜和X射线衍射研究了加固黏土微观特征，揭示其协同作用机理。结果表明：石灰的掺入使得黏土最大干密度降低，最佳含水率增大；随着石灰掺量增加，土体抗压强度先增加后减小，土体破坏应变则先减小后增加，土体破坏形式呈现脆性；随着纤维掺量增加，土体抗压强度先增加后减小，土体破坏应变逐渐增加，土体破坏形式呈现塑性；改良土变形模量与抗压强度表现为一定线性关系；改良土中石灰通过与土体反应生成胶凝物质填充土体孔隙，纤维通过形成三维网状结构，并且为水化产物提供生长区域，二者协同作用加固土体。研究结果可为路基改良、边坡修复提供理论和技术指导。
Abstract:To solve the problems of poor engineering properties of clay and low utilisation of coir fiber, a green and high-performance soil was obtained by using coir fiber in synergy with lime for clay reinforcement. Compaction test and unconfined compression test were carried out to analyze the influence of fiber content and lime content on the early compressive strength, axial compression deformation characteristics, and deformation modulus parameters of clay. The microscopic mechanism of the synergistic effect of fiber-lime soil was analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction, and then the synergistic mechanism was discussed. The results show that the addition of lime reduces the maximum dry density and increases the optimum moisture content of the clay. With an increase in lime content, the compressive strength of the soil initially exhibits a rise followed by a decline. The strain of the soil failure shows a decrease first and then an increase, indicating a brittle failure mode. Similarly, as the fiber content increases, the compressive strength of the soil also experiences an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease. However, in this case, there is a gradual increase in failure strain suggesting a plastic failure mode. The relationship between deformation modulus and compressive strength of improved soil is linear. Lime fills up pores by reacting with the soil to form gelled substances, while fibers form a three-dimensional network structure providing growth areas for hydration products, thereby synergistically reinforcing the soil. This study can provide theoretical and technical guidance for roadbed improvement and slope repair.
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Key words:
- coir fiber /
- lime /
- clay /
- strength /
- deformation characteristics /
- action mechanism /
- microstructure
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表 1 试验用土基本物理性质
Table 1. Basic physical properties of soil for testing
参数 天然含
水率/%塑限
/%液限
/%塑性
指数最大干密度
/（g·cm−3）最优含
水率/%数值 13.5 26.2 51.3 25.1 1.7 19.6 
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表 2 椰壳纤维基本性质
Table 2. Basic properties of coir fiber
参数 纤维直
径/mm纤维密度
/（g·cm−3）抗拉强度/MPa 延伸率/% 初始弹性
模量/GPa数值 2.0～2.5 1.1～1.2 85.2～110.5 0.2～0.3 2.1～2.4
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表 3 试验配比
Table 3. Test proportions
试验名称 试验组别 含水率/% 石灰掺量/% 纤维掺量/% 纤维长度/cm 龄期/d 击实试验 1 — 0，1，3，6，9 — — 1 无侧限抗压强度试验 1 19.6 — 0.25，0.50，0.75，1.00 1，2，3，4 7 2 最优含水率 0，1，3，6，9 — — 7 3 最优含水率 1，3，6，9 0.25，0.50，0.75，1.00 3 7 注：—表示相应试验组别不涉及此量。
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