Analytical study of groundwater flow field and inrush flux distribution for deeply-buried circular arched tunnels
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摘要:
近年来，随着我国交通工程、采掘工程、地下空间工程以及长距离引调水工程建设的不断发展，隧洞突涌水灾害发生越来越频繁。但是目前针对圆拱形隧洞围岩流场的解析研究较少，使用保角变换方法求解圆拱形深埋隧洞涌水量及围岩流场的解析解，探讨了圆拱隧洞洞壁涌水流速的分布规律。研究发现：在圆拱形隧洞洞壁附近，地下水流场受隧洞形状影响较为明显，而在远离洞壁处，隧洞形状对地下水流场的影响可等效为圆形隧洞；圆拱形隧洞洞壁涌水流速的最大值出现在底板左右两端的转折点（即洞底脚）附近，而流速最小值位于底板中心点；洞底脚流速可达底板中心点流速的3倍以上；隧洞截面形状越接近于圆形，洞壁各点涌水流速的相对差距越小。研究成果可为圆拱形隧洞涌水量预测及围岩地下水流场刻画提供理论依据，为隧洞施工方案设计以及防渗/排水措施设计提供有力支撑。
Abstract:With the development of transportation engineering, mining engineering, underground space engineering, and long-distance water diversion projects in China, the occurrence of tunnel water inrush disasters has become increasingly frequent. Due to the limited analytical study on the flow field of circular arched tunnels, an analytical solution for the water inrush and the flow field in the surrounding rock around a deep-buried circular arched tunnel was obtained using the conformal transformation method. Then the distribution of water inrush around the tunnel circumference was explored. The results reveal that the groundwater flow field near the tunnel is significantly influenced by the tunnel shape, while its influence on the groundwater flow field further away from the tunnel can be approximated as that of a tunnel with a circular cross-section. The maximum flow velocity around the circular arched tunnel occurs near the inflection points (i.e., the corners of the tunnel bottom), while the minimum flow velocity is located at the center of the tunnel floor. The flow velocity at the corners of the tunnel bottom can exceed three times the flow velocity at the center of the tunnel floor. As the tunnel shape approaches a circle, the relative differences of flow velocities at various points around the tunnel circumference gradually decrease. This study can provide a theoretical basis for estimating the water inrush flux and characterizing the groundwater flow field in the surrounding rock around circular arched tunnels, and support for tunnel construction planning and the design for tunnel groundwater seepage/drainage.
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Key words:
- conformal mapping /
- tunnel /
- groundwater /
- groundwater inrush /
- seepage flow /
- analytic method
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