河水-地下水交换对河水来源组成的影响

丁兰芳; 张志远; 蒋小伟; 王旭升; 万力

doi:10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202401053

河水-地下水交换对河水来源组成的影响

1.
中国地质大学（北京）地下水循环与环境演化教育部重点实验室，北京　100083

2.
中国地质大学（北京）水资源与环境学院，北京　100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42172270；42402251）；中央高校基本科研业务费项目（2-9-2021-005）

详细信息

作者简介: 丁兰芳（1998—），女，硕士研究生，主要从事河水-地下水交换研究。E-mail：dlfuse@163.com

通讯作者: 张志远（1990—），男，博士，讲师，主要从事水文地质研究工作。E-mail：zhiyuan.zhang@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: P641.8

收稿日期: 2024-01-14

修回日期: 2024-03-19

刊出日期: 2025-01-15

Impact of stream-groundwater interaction on stream water source composition: A case study of the Dosit River

1.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences （Beijing）, Beijing　100083, China

2.
School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences （Beijing）, Beijing　100083, China

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Zhiyuan, zhiyuan.zhang@cugb.edu.cn

Received Date: 14 January 2024

Revised Date: 19 March 2024

Publish Date: 15 January 2025

摘要

摘要:
盈水河段和渗失河段交替出现是河水-地下水交换的常见形式，以盈水河段所在位置为来源的河水来源组成研究是近年来河流水质研究的热点之一。然而，干旱半干旱地区河水来源组成的演变特征规律尚不清晰。本研究以鄂尔多斯盆地都思兔河为例，基于河水-地下水耦合数值模型，分析了丰水年、平水年和枯水年3种年降水条件下都思兔河的河水-地下水交换特征及其对河流沿程河水来源组成的影响。结果表明：（1）都思兔河整条河流以接收地下水排泄为主，但河段尺度上的河水-地下水补排关系具有空间非均匀性，渗失河段总长度占比不低于40%；（2）河道断面上河水的来源组成具有集中效应，以下游苦水沟断面为例，丰水年、平水年和枯水年3种降水情景下河流水量的80%分别来自于河流总长度的12.3%、9.2%、18.6%；（3）河流断面处河水来源组成的集中效应与断面流量具有良好的相关性，流量越小，河水来源的位置越集中。本研究首次探究了干旱半干旱地区河水的来源组成沿程变化规律，强调了关键河段对维持河流水量的重要作用。研究结果可为干旱半干旱区水资源管理、河流污染防治提供参考。
- 河流污染防治 /
- 水文周转 /
- 河水来源组成 /
- 盈水河段 /
- 渗失河段
Abstract:
The alternation of gaining and losing reaches is a common manifestation of stream-groundwater exchange, and studies on the stream water source composition where source means the location of gaining reaches have become one of the frontiers in stream water quality research. However, the characteristics of stream water source compositions in arid and semi-arid areas or at large watershed scales remain unclear. By taking the Dosit River in the Ordos Plateau as an example, this study built a coupled stream-groundwater numerical model and analyzed the characteristics of stream-groundwater exchange in the Dosit River under three annual precipitation scenarios as well as their impact on the stream water source composition along the river. The results show that the Dosit River predominantly receives groundwater discharge, but the stream-groundwater exchange patterns on reach scale are heterogeneous, with a percentage of losing reaches of more than 40%. There is a concentration effect on the stream water source composition, e.g., in the Kushuigou section, 80% of the stream discharge under the three precipitation scenarios originates from only 12.3%, 9.2%, and 18.6% of the total river length, respectively. The concentration effect of stream water source composition correlates well with stream discharge, with the location of stream water sources becoming more concentrated as discharge decreases. This study is the first to investigate the characteristics of stream water source compositions in arid and semi-arid regions, highlighting the crucial role of key reaches in maintaining stream discharge. These findings can provide guidance for the rational management of water resources and effective prevention of river pollution in arid and semi-arid regions.
- stream pollution prevention /
- hydrologic turnover /
- stream water source composition /
- gaining reach /
- losing reach

HTML全文

图 1 研究区位置及地形（据文献[21]修改）

Figure 1.

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图 2 Ⅱ号剖面地层岩相分布图（据文献[20]修改）

Figure 2.

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图 3 观测井中观测水头与计算水头的比较

Figure 3.

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图 4 河水-地下水交换量的沿程分布及河水水量来源组成

Figure 4.

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图 5 苦水沟断面处河道相关流量及来源贡献占比

Figure 5.

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图 6 不同年降水量情景下河水-地下水交换量的空间分布和河水的来源组成演化

Figure 6.

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图 7 河流水量沿程变化图

Figure 7.

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图 8 典型断面流量贡献、盈水河段比例、降水量之间的关系

Figure 8.

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表 1 模型参数设置

Table 1. Model parameter settings

参数	取值
年均降水量/mm	131（枯水年情景）
	275（平水年情景）
	468（丰水年情景）
降水入渗系数	0.25
水面蒸发量/（mm·a⁻¹）	1171.3^[17]
蒸发极限埋深/m	2.8^[17]
环河组水平渗透系数/（m·d⁻¹）	0.55^[29]
洛河组水平渗透系数/（m·d⁻¹）	0.45^[29]
垂向各向异性比	100^[17]
水平各向异性比	1

下载: 导出CSV

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